A health care provider has prescribed oxygen as needed for an infant with heart failure. In which situation should the nurse administer the oxygen?
- A. During sleep
- B. When changing the infant’s diapers
- C. When the mother is holding the infant
- D. When drawing blood for electrolyte level testing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering oxygen during sleep can help ensure the infant maintains adequate oxygenation, especially since infants with heart failure may have compromised respiratory function.
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Which vaccines must be delayed for 11 months after the administration of gamma globulin? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis
- B. Hepatitis B
- C. Inactivated polio virus
- D. Measles, mumps, and rubella
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Live virus vaccines (MMR and Varicella) should be delayed for 11 months after gamma globulin infusion because the passive antibodies can interfere with vaccine efficacy.
Displacement of apex to anterior axillary line
- A. TOF
- B. Truncus arteriosus
- C. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
- D. TAPVD
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Truncus arteriosus typically shows displacement of the apex to the anterior axillary line.
Exposure to which illness should be a cause to discontinue therapy and substitute dipyridamole (Persantine) in a child receiving aspirin therapy for Kawasaki disease (KD)?
- A. Chickenpox or influenza
- B. E. coli or staphylococcus
- C. Mumps or streptococcus A
- D. Streptococcus A or staphylococcus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Both chickenpox and influenza are viral; during these illnesses, aspirin (a salicylate) is typically discontinued due to the risk of Reye syndrome.
Which is/are true?
- A. Babies are able to respond to sounds in utero
- B. Full term babies at birth are unable to follow a large object with their eyes
- C. A 6-week-old infant would be able to follow a large object through an arc of 135°
- D. Growth velocity of head decreases with age
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Babies can respond to sounds in utero, and head growth velocity does decrease with age. Full-term babies can follow large objects, and a 6-week-old can follow objects through a smaller arc.
Isovolumic contraction phase of ventricular systole occurs during which of the following phases of central venous pressure, approximately
- A. From nadir of y descent to peak of a wave
- B. From peak of a wave to trough of x wave
- C. From trough of x wave to peak of c wave
- D. From peak of c wave to trough of x' descent
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Isovolumic contraction occurs from the trough of the x wave to the peak of the c wave.