Nokea
A healthcare professional is assessing a child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional expect?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Hyperglycemia
- C. Facial edema
- D. Weight gain
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In nephrotic syndrome, there is increased permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier, leading to protein loss in the urine. This results in hypoalbuminemia, causing fluid retention and edema. Therefore, weight gain due to fluid retention is a common finding in children with nephrotic syndrome.
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During the routine exam of an infant the parents state a 5th degree family history of adenomatous polyposis. The statement that should be included during the discussion is the infant is at increased risk of colonic adenocarcinoma
- A. the infant is at increased risk of acute lymphocytic leukemia
- B. the infant is at increased risk of intestinal Burkitt lymphoma
- C. the infant is at increased risk of hepatoblastoma
- D. the infant is at increased risk of germ cell tumor
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A 3-year-old child has recurrent attacks of screaming, vomiting, and biting other children, these attacks lasts 2-5 minutes and occurs once or twice weekly, the child looks well between the attacks.
- A. autism
- B. traumatic brain injury
- C. cognitive impairment
- D. temper tantrums
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
The nurse provides discharge instructions to a patient prescribed verapamil SR 120mg PO daily for HTN. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the medication?
- A. “I will take the medication with grapefruit juice each morning.”
- B. “I should expect occasional loose stools from this medication”
- C. “I’ll need to reduce the amount of fiber in my diet”
- D. “I must swallow the pill whole.”
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: “SR” indicates that the drug is sustained release; therefore, the patient must swallow the pill intact, without chewing or crushing, which would result in a bolus effect. Grapefruit juice should be avoided, because it can inhibit intestinal and hepatic metabolism of the drug, thereby raising the drug level. Constipation, not loose stools, is a common side effect. Increasing fluids and dietary fiber can help prevent this adverse effect.
During a routine examination of a 10-mo-old male infant, you find a white pupillary reflex of the right eye; the eye movements are normal. You suspect retinoblastoma. Of the following, the BEST confirmatory diagnostic evaluation of this infant is
- A. indirect ophthalmoscopy with slit-lamp examination
- B. examination under general anesthesia by an experienced ophthalmologist
- C. orbital ultrasonography
- D. brain MRI
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A patient taking sildenafil (Viagra) asks a nurse what action to take if priapism occurs. Which response should the nurse provide?
- A. Take an additional half-strength dose of sildenafil
- B. The condition usually resolves in 12 hours or less
- C. Wait until the following day and notify the doctor
- D. Seek emergency help, because permanent damage can occur
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Patients experiencing priapism from sildenafil should seek immediate medical attention. Priapism is a serious condition where an erection lasts longer than 4 hours, and if left untreated, it can lead to irreversible damage to the penile tissue, potentially causing permanent erectile dysfunction. Therefore, prompt intervention is crucial to prevent long-term complications.