Adult Medical Surgical ATI

Adult Medical Surgical ATI Related

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A healthcare professional is preparing to administer albuterol syrup 1.6 mg PO tid. Available is albuterol 2 mg/5mL. How many mL should the healthcare professional administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

  • A. 4 mL
  • B. 6 mL
  • C. 10 mL
  • D. 5.5 mL
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: To determine the mL per dose of albuterol syrup, we need to calculate how many mL contain 1.6 mg of albuterol. Given that 2 mg of albuterol is in 5 mL of syrup, we can set up a proportion:

2 mg / 5 mL = 1.6 mg / x mL

Cross-multiply to solve for x:
2 * x = 1.6 * 5
2x = 8
x = 4 mL

Therefore, the correct answer is A: 4 mL.

Choice B (6 mL) is incorrect because it does not match the calculated value. Choice C (10 mL) is incorrect as it is too high based on the calculation. Choice D (5.5 mL) is incorrect as it does not match the precise calculated value of 4 mL.

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You are caring for a patient who has had a transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hypertrophy. There is continuous bladder irrigation setup. You would notify the physician if you noted

  • A. Any signs of hematuria.
  • B. A change from clear red output to thicker, bright red output.
  • C. A decrease in the amount of blood in the urine.
  • D. The development of uremic pruritis.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Thicker, bright red output indicates potential bleeding requiring medical attention.

Upon hearing that he has acute pericarditis, the patient asks how he could have contracted the disease. The best response is

  • A. The upper respiratory viral infection that you experienced a couple of weeks ago could have led to acute pericarditis.
  • B. It is a genetic condition that you received from your father.
  • C. It is a genetic condition that you received from your mother.
  • D. It is the weakening of the left side of your heart.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Viral infections are a common cause of acute pericarditis.

Which chief complaint is NOT desirable for recording on the client’s chart?

  • A. CC: “cough and temperature elevation,” 2 days duration
  • B. CC: “passing black stools,” 1 day duration
  • C. CC: “substernal pain,” 2 hours duration
  • D. Reason for contact: “physical examination for college”
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: D

Rationale:
1. Chief complaints should be symptoms or concerns related to the client's health issues.
2. "Physical examination for college" is not a specific symptom or health concern.
3. Chief complaints guide healthcare providers in assessing and treating the client.
4. Recording irrelevant chief complaints can lead to confusion in diagnosis and treatment.

Summary of Incorrect Choices:
A: Describes specific symptoms, suitable for recording.
B: Describes a specific symptom (black stools), suitable for recording.
C: Describes a specific symptom (substernal pain), suitable for recording.

The nurse is caring for a client with acute pancreatitis. After pain management, which intervention should be included in the plan of care?

  • A. Cough and deep breathe every 2 hours.
  • B. Place the client in contact isolation.
  • C. Provide a diet high in protein.
  • D. Institute seizure precautions.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging coughing and deep breathing helps prevent pulmonary complications.

Amitriptyline (Elavil) is prescribed for a patient with chronic pain from fibromyalgia. When the nurse explains that this drug is an antidepressant, the patient states that she is in pain, not depressed. What is the nurse’s best response to the patient?

  • A. Antidepressants will improve the patient’s attitude and prevent a negative emotional response to the pain.
  • B. Chronic pain almost always leads to depression, and the use of this drug will prevent depression from occurring.
  • C. Some antidepressant drugs relieve pain by releasing neurotransmitters that prevent pain impulses from reaching the brain.
  • D. Certain antidepressant drugs are metabolized in the liver to substances that numb the ends of nerve fibers, preventing the onset of pain.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Amitriptyline relieves pain by modulating neurotransmitter release, not solely by treating depression.

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