Nokea
A healthcare professional is reviewing the lab results of a client with liver disease. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
- A. Elevated bilirubin levels
- B. Low albumin levels
- C. Elevated ammonia levels
- D. Low hemoglobin levels
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevated ammonia levels in a client with liver disease can lead to hepatic encephalopathy, requiring immediate intervention. Ammonia is a neurotoxin that can cause cognitive impairment and altered mental status. Elevated bilirubin levels (Choice A) are common in liver disease but do not require immediate intervention. Low albumin levels (Choice B) and low hemoglobin levels (Choice D) are also common in liver disease but do not pose an immediate threat compared to elevated ammonia levels.
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A client is being taught about which foods to include in a low fiber diet. Which statement indicates understanding?
- A. Choosing a fresh pear would be a good snack option
- B. I should make refried beans for supper
- C. Selecting white rice as a side dish is a good choice
- D. Opting for bran cereal would be a good breakfast choice
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because white rice is a low-fiber food suitable for a low-fiber diet, making it an appropriate choice. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because fresh pear, refried beans, and bran cereal are high-fiber foods and not suitable for a low-fiber diet.
Which personality disorder is characterized by disregard for others and manipulative behaviors?
- A. Borderline Personality Disorder
- B. Antisocial Personality Disorder
- C. Histrionic Personality Disorder
- D. Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antisocial Personality Disorder is the correct answer. This disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others. Individuals with this disorder often display behaviors such as manipulation, exploitation, and a lack of empathy. Choice A, Borderline Personality Disorder, is characterized by unstable moods, behavior, and relationships. Choice C, Histrionic Personality Disorder, is characterized by attention-seeking behavior and excessive emotions. Choice D, Narcissistic Personality Disorder, is characterized by a grandiose sense of self-importance, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client following a myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following activities should the client avoid?
- A. Swimming in a pool
- B. Driving a car
- C. Light housework
- D. Walking on flat ground
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Driving a car. Driving a car can be physically and emotionally taxing, increasing the risk of complications soon after a myocardial infarction. It requires quick reflexes and decision-making abilities, which may be impaired during the recovery period. Swimming in a pool, light housework, and walking on flat ground are generally safe and beneficial activities for clients following a myocardial infarction as they promote circulation, muscle strength, and overall well-being.
What are the complications of diabetes mellitus that a nurse should monitor for?
- A. Peripheral neuropathy and retinopathy
- B. All of the above
- C. Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
- D. Nephropathy and cardiovascular disease
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Complications of diabetes mellitus that a nurse should monitor for include nephropathy and cardiovascular disease, in addition to diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, neuropathy, and retinopathy. While choices A and C mention some complications of diabetes, they do not cover all the complications that a nurse should monitor for. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests selecting all options, which is not accurate.
A case manager at an assisted living facility is reviewing the use of complementary health practices by several clients. Which of the following actions should the case manager plan to take?
- A. Plan to report a client's use of echinacea to the provider as a contraindication to aspirin therapy
- B. Plan to schedule time for a new client to continue tai chi practice as a stress reduction technique
- C. Tell a client that yoga has not been proven effective to reduce manifestations of menopause
- D. Tell a client who drinks cranberry juice daily that it can help treat existing urinary tract infections
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Tai chi is a recognized complementary health practice for stress reduction. Scheduling time for a new client to continue tai chi practice aligns with supporting holistic care. Choice A is incorrect because reporting a client's use of echinacea as a contraindication to aspirin therapy is not necessary without further context or evidence of interactions. Choice C is wrong because yoga can indeed be effective in reducing manifestations of menopause. Choice D is also incorrect because while cranberry juice is known to help prevent urinary tract infections, it is not typically used to treat existing infections.