ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam 2019 Quizlet

ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam 2019 Quizlet Related

Review ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam 2019 Quizlet related questions and content

A healthcare provider is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of intravenous (IV) metoprolol (Lopressor) to a client. The client's apical pulse is 58 beats/minute. What action should the healthcare provider take?

  • A. Administer the medication as prescribed.
  • B. Hold the medication and notify the healthcare provider.
  • C. Give half the prescribed dose and recheck the pulse in 30 minutes.
  • D. Administer the medication and then recheck the pulse in 30 minutes.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hold the medication and notify the healthcare provider. The rationale is that metoprolol is a beta-blocker that can further decrease heart rate. With a low apical pulse of 58 beats/minute, administering metoprolol can potentially cause bradycardia or further slow down the heart rate to dangerous levels. Holding the medication and notifying the healthcare provider allows for further assessment and potential adjustment of the dosage or consideration of alternative treatments.

Incorrect choices:
A: Administering the medication as prescribed can lead to bradycardia and potential harm to the client.
C: Giving half the prescribed dose and rechecking the pulse in 30 minutes can still lead to further bradycardia and potential harm.
D: Administering the medication and then rechecking the pulse in 30 minutes is not appropriate as the initial pulse rate is already low, and waiting to recheck could lead to adverse effects before intervention.

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What instruction should be provided to a client with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) who is prescribed nitroglycerin?

  • A. Take nitroglycerin with food to avoid stomach upset.
  • B. Store nitroglycerin tablets in a dark, glass container.
  • C. Swallow nitroglycerin tablets whole without chewing.
  • D. Discontinue the medication if a headache occurs.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because nitroglycerin tablets should be stored in a dark, glass container to protect them from light and moisture, which could decrease their effectiveness. Storing them in any other container could lead to degradation of the medication.

Choice A is incorrect because nitroglycerin should be taken sublingually, not with food. Choice C is incorrect because nitroglycerin should be placed under the tongue to be absorbed quickly, not swallowed whole. Choice D is incorrect because experiencing a headache is a common side effect of nitroglycerin and does not indicate that the medication should be discontinued.

What action should the healthcare provider take to reduce the risk of vesicant extravasation in a client receiving intravenous chemotherapy?

  • A. Administer an antiemetic before starting the chemotherapy.
  • B. Instruct the client to drink plenty of fluids during the treatment.
  • C. Keep the head of the bed elevated until the treatment is completed.
  • D. Monitor the client's intravenous site hourly during the treatment.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Monitor the client's intravenous site hourly during the treatment. This is crucial to reduce the risk of vesicant extravasation, which can cause tissue damage if the chemotherapy leaks into the surrounding tissues. By monitoring the IV site hourly, the healthcare provider can detect any signs of infiltration or extravasation early and take necessary actions to prevent further harm.

A: Administering an antiemetic before starting chemotherapy is unrelated to preventing vesicant extravasation.
B: Instructing the client to drink plenty of fluids does not directly address the risk of vesicant extravasation.
C: Keeping the head of the bed elevated is not specific to preventing vesicant extravasation and may not effectively reduce the risk.

Which assessment finding indicates a client's readiness to leave the nursing unit for a bronchoscopy?

  • A. Client denies allergies to contrast media.
  • B. Skin prep to insertion site completed.
  • C. On-call sedation administered.
  • D. Oxygen at 2 L/minute via nasal cannula.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Option C, on-call sedation administered, is the correct answer because sedation is essential for bronchoscopy to ensure the client is comfortable and cooperative during the procedure. Sedation helps reduce anxiety and discomfort, making the procedure more tolerable. Options A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not directly indicate readiness for the procedure. Denying allergies to contrast media (A) is important but not specific to bronchoscopy readiness. Skin prep completion (B) is part of the pre-procedure preparation but does not confirm readiness. Oxygen administration (D) is a routine care measure and does not indicate readiness for bronchoscopy.

A client with hypothyroidism is started on levothyroxine (Synthroid). Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

  • A. I will take this medication every morning before breakfast.
  • B. I should have my thyroid levels checked regularly.
  • C. If I lose weight, I may need an increased dose.
  • D. I can stop taking this medication once my symptoms improve.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: D

Rationale:
1. Levothyroxine is a lifelong medication for hypothyroidism.
2. Stopping medication prematurely can lead to symptom relapse.
3. Symptoms improving doesn't indicate the underlying condition is resolved.
4. Regular monitoring and dose adjustments are crucial.
5. Choice D shows misunderstanding of treatment duration and necessity.

Summary:
A: Correct, taking in the morning maximizes absorption.
B: Correct, monitoring is necessary for dose adjustments.
C: Correct, weight loss can affect thyroid hormone levels.
D: Incorrect, as stopping medication prematurely is not advised.

The client with newly diagnosed osteoporosis is being taught by the nurse about dietary modifications. Which instruction should the nurse include?

  • A. Increase your intake of high-calcium foods.
  • B. Limit your intake of vitamin D-rich foods.
  • C. Avoid foods high in phosphorus.
  • D. Increase your intake of high-sodium foods.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase your intake of high-calcium foods. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by low bone density, and calcium is essential for bone health. Increasing calcium intake can help strengthen bones and prevent further bone loss. Foods high in calcium, such as dairy products, leafy green vegetables, and fortified foods, are beneficial for individuals with osteoporosis.

Summary of other choices:
B: Limiting intake of vitamin D-rich foods is not advised, as vitamin D plays a crucial role in calcium absorption and bone health.
C: Avoiding foods high in phosphorus is not necessary, as phosphorus is also important for bone health and overall body function.
D: Increasing intake of high-sodium foods is not recommended, as high sodium intake can lead to calcium loss from the bones, worsening osteoporosis.

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