Nokea
A healthcare provider is preparing to perform a routine abdominal assessment. What action should the healthcare provider take first?
- A. Inspect the abdomen
- B. Auscultate bowel sounds
- C. Palpate the abdomen
- D. Percuss the abdomen
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct first action in a routine abdominal assessment is to inspect the abdomen. This allows the healthcare provider to visually assess for any visible abnormalities such as scars, distention, or masses. Auscultating bowel sounds comes after inspection as the second step to assess bowel motility. Palpation and percussion follow in the sequence of a comprehensive abdominal assessment. Therefore, inspecting the abdomen is the priority to gather initial information before proceeding with further assessment techniques.
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A nurse is assessing a client who is at risk for pressure injuries. Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Reposition the client every 4 hours
- B. Use a special mattress for the client
- C. Keep the client on bedrest
- D. Encourage the client to remain in one position
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Use a special mattress for the client.' Using a special mattress reduces pressure on bony prominences and helps prevent pressure injuries. Repositioning the client every 4 hours (choice A) is important but using a special mattress is more effective. Keeping the client on bedrest (choice C) can increase the risk of pressure injuries due to prolonged immobility. Encouraging the client to remain in one position (choice D) is incorrect as it can lead to pressure injuries by exerting pressure on the same areas for an extended period.
When reviewing the health history of an older adult with a hip fracture, what should a nurse identify as a risk factor for developing pressure injuries?
- A. Malnutrition
- B. Poor hygiene
- C. Urinary incontinence
- D. Immobility
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Urinary incontinence is a risk factor for skin breakdown, which can lead to the development of pressure injuries. While malnutrition, poor hygiene, and immobility are important considerations in overall patient care, they are not specifically identified as significant risk factors for pressure injuries in this scenario.
A nurse is preparing to perform a focused respiratory assessment on a client with COPD. What is an expected finding?
- A. Normal respiratory rate
- B. Nasal flaring
- C. Decreased breath sounds
- D. Increased breath sounds
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nasal flaring is an expected finding in clients with COPD who are experiencing respiratory distress. Nasal flaring is a sign of increased work of breathing and respiratory distress, commonly seen in clients with COPD exacerbation. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. A normal respiratory rate would not be an expected finding in a client with COPD, as they often have an increased respiratory rate. Decreased breath sounds could indicate diminished airflow but are not typically a common finding in COPD. Increased breath sounds are not typical in COPD and could indicate other conditions like pneumonia.
While documenting client care, which entry should the nurse identify as an example of implementing client care?
- A. Documenting the client's pain level
- B. Monitoring the client's urine output
- C. Assessing the client's range of motion
- D. Contacting the provider to report client findings
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because contacting the provider to report client findings is an example of implementing care. Implementation involves putting the care plan into action based on assessment data. While options A, B, and C are important aspects of client care, they mainly focus on assessment rather than the actual implementation of care.
A client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus needs instruction on foot care. What advice should the nurse provide?
- A. Soak feet in warm water daily
- B. Wear shoes at all times
- C. Cut toenails in a rounded shape
- D. Inspect the feet weekly
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Wear shoes at all times.' This instruction is crucial for clients with diabetes as it helps protect the feet from potential injuries. Choice A of soaking feet in warm water daily can lead to skin issues and should be avoided. Cutting toenails in a rounded shape, as mentioned in choice C, can increase the risk of ingrown toenails. While inspecting the feet weekly, as in choice D, is important, wearing shoes at all times is a more preventative measure to avoid foot injuries in diabetic clients.