Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing

Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing Related

Review Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing related questions and content

A hospital is concerned that the number of medication errors has increased significantly in the past year. A project revealed four causes of medication errors. The above chart was used to help staff and administration know where to focus efforts to reduce errors. Which process improvement tool is used in this situation?

  • A. Run chart
  • B. Pareto chart
  • C. Flowcharts
  • D. Cause-and-effect diagrams
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pareto chart. A Pareto chart is a quality improvement tool used to prioritize and focus efforts on the most significant causes of a problem. In this case, the hospital used the chart to identify the main causes of medication errors, helping them to allocate resources efficiently. The Pareto principle states that roughly 80% of effects come from 20% of causes, making it a powerful tool for process improvement.

A: Run chart is used to track data over time but does not prioritize causes like a Pareto chart.
C: Flowcharts are used to map out processes and are helpful for understanding the sequence of activities, not for prioritizing causes.
D: Cause-and-effect diagrams (Fishbone or Ishikawa diagram) are used to identify and organize potential causes of a problem but do not prioritize them like a Pareto chart.

In summary, the Pareto chart is the most appropriate tool in this situation because it helps focus efforts on the most significant causes

You may also like to solve these questions

The first university to offer nursing graduates a baccalaureate degree was:

  • A. Columbia Teachers College.
  • B. Yale University.
  • C. Harvard University.
  • D. the New York Regents Program.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Columbia Teachers College. This institution was the first to offer nursing graduates a baccalaureate degree, pioneering the advancement of nursing education. Columbia Teachers College had a dedicated nursing program that emphasized academic and clinical training, setting the standard for future nursing education.

Explanation:
A: Columbia Teachers College - Correct. Pioneered baccalaureate degree for nursing graduates.
B: Yale University - Incorrect. Not historically known for offering the first baccalaureate degree in nursing.
C: Harvard University - Incorrect. Focused on medical education, not nursing, at the time.
D: New York Regents Program - Incorrect. Not a university and did not offer baccalaureate degrees in nursing.

In February 2010, Congress passed legislation to support universal health care for all Americans. At a local health fair, an individual asks about the difference between universal health care and a single payer system. The nurse explains the difference is that:

  • A. with universal health, one universal payer, usually the government, pays all expenses for health care.
  • B. single-payer systems offer health care only to eligible persons based on income.
  • C. single-payer systems rely on insurance companies to pay predetermined fees for services.
  • D. with universal health, one payer is responsible for all health care costs, providing health care to all citizens.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because in a universal health care system, one universal payer (often the government) is responsible for covering all health care expenses for all citizens. This means that everyone, regardless of income or eligibility, is covered under the same system.

Choice B is incorrect because a single-payer system does not necessarily limit health care access based on income; it simply means there is one entity responsible for paying health care costs.

Choice C is incorrect because single-payer systems do not rely on insurance companies to pay fees; instead, the single payer itself covers the costs directly.

Choice D is incorrect because it does not specify that the one payer in a universal health care system is usually the government, which is a key distinction in this context.

Current trends in telecommunications and increased mobility of nurses have led to the approval of a mutual recognition model of nursing regulation, in which nurses are allowed to practice in states that are compact states without obtaining a license in each state. On which website would a nurse find a list of current compact states?

  • A. National League for Nursing (NLN)
  • B. National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN)
  • C. American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN)
  • D. Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE)
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN). NCSBN manages the Nurse Licensure Compact (NLC), which allows nurses to practice in compact states without obtaining additional licenses. Nurses can find a list of current compact states on the NCSBN website. NLN (A) focuses on nursing education, not regulation. AACN (C) is an organization for academic nursing programs. CCNE (D) accredits nursing education programs, not regulatory information.

The key to organizational success for health care facilities is:

  • A. hiring younger, more energetic nurses.
  • B. offering incentives such as sign-on bonuses.
  • C. hiring highly qualified advanced practice nurses.
  • D. retaining professional nurses.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: retaining professional nurses. Retaining professional nurses is crucial for organizational success in healthcare facilities as it ensures continuity of care, promotes staff morale, reduces turnover costs, and maintains high-quality patient outcomes. By retaining experienced and skilled nurses, organizations can benefit from their expertise, knowledge, and commitment to providing excellent patient care.

A: Hiring younger, more energetic nurses may bring new perspectives and energy but does not guarantee the same level of experience and expertise as professional nurses.
B: Offering incentives like sign-on bonuses may attract new hires, but it does not address the underlying issues that lead to nurse turnover.
C: Hiring highly qualified advanced practice nurses is beneficial, but it does not address the importance of retaining all professional nurses within the organization.

A hospital refused to purchase a better grade of utility gloves, even after learning that the cheaper utility gloves are easily punctured during routine use. This unsafe situation led nurses to seek unionization. During the pre-election phase for unionization, which actions by union representatives are prohibited by the National Labor Relations Board? (select all that apply)

  • A. Scheduling a meeting in the agency's cafeteria to determine employees' interest in unionization
  • B. Distributing nondocumented information that female nurses receive lower annual performance evaluations than do male nurses
  • C. Distributing information about the benefits of unionization and grievances in a public parking garage located across from the hospital
  • D. Suggesting to workers the likelihood of job loss should the union not win the election
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because distributing nondocumented information about gender-based performance evaluations violates the National Labor Relations Act, which prohibits making false statements about an employer. This action could potentially mislead employees and interfere with the election process. Choices A, C, and D are not prohibited actions by the National Labor Relations Board. Choice A involves a legal and common method of gauging interest in unionization. Choice C involves providing information about union benefits and grievances, which is a protected activity. Choice D is permissible as long as it does not contain false or coercive statements.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.