Nokea
A maculopapular rash with a red base and a small white papule in the center is commonly known as
- A. milia.
- B. Mongolian spots.
- C. erythema toxicum.
- D. CafÃ-au-lait spots.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: erythema toxicum. This rash is characterized by red macules with small white papules in the center. Erythema toxicum is a common benign rash in newborns, usually appearing in the first few days of life. Milia (A) are tiny white bumps on the skin, Mongolian spots (B) are blue-gray birthmarks, and Café-au-lait spots (D) are flat, light brown spots. In this case, the description of a maculopapular rash with a red base and a small white papule matches the characteristics of erythema toxicum, making it the correct choice.
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The nurse must administer erythromycin ophthalmic ointment to a newborn after birth. The nurse should:
- A. instill within 15 minutes of birth for maximum effectiveness
- B. cleanse eyes from inner to outer canthus before administration
- C. apply directly over the cornea.
- D. flush eyes 10 minutes after instillation to reduce irritation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cleansing the eyes from inner to outer canthus ensures that any debris or contaminants are removed before administration, which helps prevent infection and ensures the medication's effectiveness.
Which method is correct for obtaining a blood glucose reading on a newborn?
- A. Placing a tourniquet on the newborn's wrist and obtaining a blood sample from a venipuncture to be sent to the laboratory.
- B. Warming the hand and obtaining a sample from the thumb.
- C. Warm the foot, clean it with an alcohol pad, and puncture the side of the heel.
- D. Elevate the foot and obtain a blood sample from the heel.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct method is C because newborns have delicate blood vessels in their feet, making it easier to obtain a blood sample. Step-by-step rationale: 1. Warm the foot to increase blood flow. 2. Clean with an alcohol pad to prevent infection. 3. Puncture the side of the heel as it has a good blood supply and less painful. Other choices are incorrect: A is invasive and not suitable for newborns. B is not recommended as thumb samples may be inaccurate. D does not specify the heel's side, which is crucial for newborns' safety.
When traveling in a car, where are infants the safest?
- A. in an approved safety seat secured properly, either rear or forward facing
- B. in a child safety-approved car seat that they can grow into, with pillow supports for their head
- C. in an infant car seat, safely secured, in the car’s front or rear seat
- D. in a rear-facing, safety-approved infant car seat, located in the middle of the back seat of the car
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rear-facing car seats in the back seat center provide maximum safety.
What steps are included in the QSEN steps for rewarming a neonate at risk for cold stress? Select all that apply.
- A. placing the neonate under the radiant warmer
- B. putting a pulse oximeter on the neonate
- C. assessing a blood glucose level
- D. calling the NICU team for assessment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Steps include placing the neonate under a radiant warmer and assessing blood glucose levels.
Which statement is most accurate regarding delivery of a newborn?
- A. Infants delivered via cesarean section are at lower risk of transitional problems.
- B. Vaginal deliveries increase the risk of infants aspirating lung fluid.
- C. Cesarean deliveries do not allow for thoracic squeeze of fluid.
- D. Vaginal deliveries are often avoided in term infants.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Cesarean deliveries do not allow for thoracic squeeze of fluid. During vaginal delivery, the infant's thorax undergoes a squeezing motion which helps to expel the amniotic fluid from the lungs, reducing the risk of respiratory issues. In contrast, infants delivered via cesarean section do not experience this thoracic squeeze, potentially leading to a higher risk of respiratory problems.
A is incorrect because infants delivered via cesarean section may actually have higher risks of transitional problems due to the lack of thoracic squeeze. B is incorrect as vaginal deliveries facilitate the natural process of clearing lung fluid. D is incorrect as vaginal deliveries are the preferred method for term infants when possible, as they provide various benefits for both the mother and the baby.