Nokea
A male client is having trouble with erections and comes to the clinic to be seen by the doctor. The doctor diagnoses the client with erectile dysfunction. The nurse provides education regarding the disorder and teaches the client that erectile dysfunction can be caused by which of the following?
- A. Obsessive compulsive disorder
- B. Complications of STIs
- C. Side effects of drug therapy
- D. Spinal stenosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drug side effects are a common cause of erectile dysfunction.
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What is the source and function of HCG?
- A. uterus; cause labor
- B. ovary; stimulates FSH
- C. placenta; inhibits LH
- D. placenta; mimics LH
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: placenta; mimics LH.
Rationale:
1. HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) is produced by the placenta during pregnancy.
2. HCG mimics the action of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) to support the corpus luteum in producing progesterone.
3. This helps maintain the uterine lining and supports the pregnancy.
Summary:
A: Incorrect - Uterus does not produce HCG, and it does not cause labor.
B: Incorrect - Ovary does not produce HCG, and it does not stimulate FSH.
C: Incorrect - Placenta produces HCG, but it does not inhibit LH; instead, it mimics LH's actions.
Maintaining adequate nutrition for the patient during chemotherapy is often problematic because of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Which of the following nursing measures would be most effective in combating nutritional depletion?
- A. Reduce food intake and increase fluids during the 4 days following chemotherapy to lessen nausea
- B. If leukopenia occurs, adjust the diet to high-caloric, low-protein
- C. Weigh the patient three times a week
- D. Offer snack supplements, and frequent small feedings
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Frequent small feedings and snacks help maintain nutrition despite nausea and anorexia.
Infants of mothers who had adequate nutrition during pregnancy do not require iron supplements or a diet rich in iron until about 3 months of age. Why is this?
- A. Growth of the infant does not require iron until after the 3rd month
- B. The fetal liver stores enough iron to meet the infant’s needs until the third month
- C. Synthesis of new red blood cells begins after 3 months
- D. Muscle cells that develop before the 3rd month do not contain myoglobin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The fetal liver stores enough iron to meet the infant’s needs until the third month. During pregnancy, the fetus accumulates iron stores in the liver from the mother, which can sustain the infant's iron needs for the first few months of life. This stored iron is gradually utilized by the infant as the maternal iron supply diminishes post-birth.
Explanation of why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Growth of the infant does require iron even in the early months for various metabolic processes and functions.
C: Synthesis of new red blood cells starts shortly after birth, not necessarily after 3 months.
D: Myoglobin is not directly related to iron supplementation needs in infants and is unrelated to the timing of iron supplementation requirements.
The ovule that can be fecundated contains:
- A. 22 somatic chromosomes;
- B. 23 autosomes;
- C. a sex chromosome: X or Y;
- D. 11 pairs of somatic chromosomes;
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 23 autosomes. The ovule contains half the number of chromosomes as the typical somatic cell, which is 46 in humans. This is because during meiosis, the number of chromosomes is reduced by half to ensure the correct chromosome number in the offspring. Therefore, the ovule contains 23 chromosomes, which are autosomes (non-sex chromosomes). Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the ovule does not contain the same number of somatic chromosomes, a sex chromosome, or 11 pairs of somatic chromosomes.
__________ is an example of an oviparous animal.
- A. Pigeon
- B. Elephant
- C. Sheep
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pigeon. Oviparous animals lay eggs to reproduce, like birds. Pigeons belong to the avian class, known for laying eggs. Elephants and sheep are viviparous mammals, giving birth to live young. "None of the above" is incorrect as pigeons are indeed oviparous.