Nokea
A male client with Herpes zoster (shingles) on his thorax tells the nurse that he is having difficulty sleeping. What is the probable etiology of this problem?
- A. Pain
- B. Nocturia
- C. Dyspnea
- D. Frequent cough
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pain from shingles can be severe and interfere with sleep, making it the most likely cause of the client's difficulty sleeping.
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A nurse cares for a client who is prescribed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart. The client’s health history includes a previous myocardial infarction and pacemaker implantation. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Schedule an electrocardiogram just before the MRI.
- B. Notify the healthcare provider before scheduling the MRI.
- C. Call the physician and request a laboratory draw for cardiac enzymes.
- D. Instruct the client to increase fluid intake the day before the MRI.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clients with pacemakers are generally not candidates for MRI due to the risk of device malfunction or tissue damage. The healthcare provider must be notified to determine the best course of action.
Management of thalassaemia includes:
- A. Whole blood transfusions
- B. Pneumovax
- C. Bone marrow transplant
- D. Penicillin V prophylaxis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because bone marrow transplant is a curative treatment for thalassaemia. The other options (a, b, d, e) are supportive treatments but not curative.
What are FIVE non-cardiac clinical features of Marfan’s syndrome?
- A. Ectopia Lentis
- B. Pectus Excavatum or carinatum of moderate severity
- C. Pes Planus
- D. Scoliosis (>20 degrees)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: These features are typical signs of Marfan’s syndrome and contribute to the diagnosis alongside cardiac findings.
What is the recommended hourly maintenance fluid rate (water) for a 20 kg child?
- A. 50 ml/hour
- B. 60 ml/hour
- C. 80 ml/hour
- D. 100 ml/hour
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The recommended hourly maintenance fluid rate for a 20 kg child is 60 ml/hour, calculated using the formula: 100 ml/kg for the first 10 kg + 50 ml/kg for the next 10 kg.
A VII nerve injury at the exit from the stylomastoid foramen would explain all except:
- A. Loss of sensation over the vallecula
- B. Loss of taste over the anterior third of the tongue
- C. Increased responsiveness to loud noises
- D. Inability to open the ipsilateral eye
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the facial nerve (VII) does not control eye opening; this is controlled by the oculomotor nerve (III). The other options (a, b, c, e) are consistent with a VII nerve injury.