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A male patient is undergoing external radiation therapy on an outpatient basis for treatment of Hodgkin disease. After 2 weeks of treatment, he tells the nurse that he is so tired he can hardly get out of bed in the morning. Which is an appropriate intervention?
- A. Take two rest periods during the day.
- B. Ambulate in the hall four times a day.
- C. Select two activities for distraction.
- D. Investigate a consultation with a psychiatrist for treatment of depression.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The person undergoing radiation therapy should be assured that lethargy and fatigue are not uncommon during treatment, and that frequent rest periods are helpful. Periods of rest are very beneficial.
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A patient, age 56, has been advised that his prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is elevated. Which test will be the next definitive diagnostic test?
- A. CA-125 test
- B. Transrectal ultrasound
- C. Needle biopsy of the prostate
- D. MRI
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Men over the age of 50 should be advised to have a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test and rectal examination once a year. The transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) is used in the early detection of prostate cancer.
How many minutes of daily exercise does the American Cancer Society recommend as a prevention of cancer?
- A. 10 minutes
- B. 15 minutes
- C. 20 minutes
- D. 30 minutes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ACS recommends 150 minutes of moderate exercise weekly, which comes to around 20 minutes a day.
Which is an appropriate intervention for a patient experiencing thrombocytopenia?
- A. Requesting an order for aspirin for discomfort
- B. Trimming toenails close
- C. Using an electric razor
- D. Vigorous tooth cleaning
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient should be taught to use an electric shaver. Thrombocytopenia is a reduction in the number of circulating platelets, due to the depression of the bone marrow. When the platelet count is less than 20,000/mm3, spontaneous bleeding can occur.
What is the function of organizations like The Lost Chord Club, Reach for Recovery, and I Can Cope?
- A. Arrange for transportation to a clinic.
- B. Provide a small amount of financial support to patients.
- C. Send volunteers to speak with a person facing a lifestyle change.
- D. Arrange for reduced drug costs.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Support groups like The Lost Chord Club, Reach for Recovery, and I Can Cope are available to send volunteers to talk with persons facing lifestyle changes because of cancer.
The nurse remarks that the American Cancer Society (ACS) reports that cancer is the ___ leading cause of death in the United States.
Correct Answer: second
Rationale: The ACS reports that cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States.