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A male patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is prescribed tamsulosin (Flomax). What is the primary therapeutic effect of this medication?
- A. Relaxation of the muscles in the prostate and bladder neck, leading to improved urinary flow.
- B. Reduction in prostate size and improvement in urinary symptoms.
- C. Increase in urine flow and relief of urinary obstruction.
- D. Improvement in erectile function.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tamsulosin relaxes the muscles in the prostate and bladder neck, leading to improved urinary flow and reduced symptoms of BPH.
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A patient has been prescribed an estrogen-progestin oral contraceptive. The nurse should emphasize that the risk of thrombophlebitis is most likely in patients who:
- A. Are diabetic.
- B. Smoke cigarettes.
- C. Have a history of hypertension.
- D. Are older than 40.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smoking is a significant risk factor for thrombophlebitis, particularly when combined with estrogen-progestin contraceptives.
A patient is being treated for a severe fungal infection with amphotericin B. What is the expected length of treatment for this patient?
- A. 1 to 2 weeks
- B. 3 to 6 weeks
- C. 4 to 12 weeks
- D. 15 to 18 weeks
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A male patient receiving androgen therapy is concerned about side effects. What is the most serious adverse effect the nurse should monitor for during this therapy?
- A. Increased risk of cardiovascular events
- B. Increased risk of bone fractures
- C. Increased risk of venous thromboembolism
- D. Increased risk of mood changes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Androgen therapy can increase the risk of cardiovascular events, including heart attack and stroke, particularly in older patients.
A 50-year-old woman has had a relapse of her multiple sclerosis (MS) after several years of being symptom-free. Which of the following factors is most likely to have contributed to her relapse?
- A. Emotional stress
- B. Dietary indiscretion
- C. Physical overexertion
- D. Adequate rest and relaxation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Physical overexertion can contribute to an MS relapse, triggering symptoms to reappear.
A 55-year-old man presents with a history of fatigue, weight loss, and night sweats. He reports recent onset of a productive cough and hemoptysis. Which condition should the nurse suspect?
- A. Lung cancer
- B. Pneumonia
- C. Tuberculosis
- D. Pulmonary embolism
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The symptoms of fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, and hemoptysis are characteristic of tuberculosis.