advanced health assessment test bank

advanced health assessment test bank Related

Review advanced health assessment test bank related questions and content

A man has come in to the clinic because he is afraid he might have skin cancer. During the skin assessment, the nurse notices several areas of pigmentation that look greasy, dark, and "stuck on' on his skin. Which of the following is the best prediction?

  • A. He probably has senile lentigines, which do not become cancerous.
  • B. He probably has actinic keratoses, precursors to basal cell carcinoma.
  • C. He probably has acrochordons, precursors to squamous cell carcinoma.
  • D. He probably has seborrheic keratosis, which do not become cancerous.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: He probably has seborrheic keratosis, which do not become cancerous. Seborrheic keratosis typically appear as greasy, dark, and "stuck on" pigmented growths on the skin, commonly seen in older adults. They are benign and do not progress to skin cancer. This conclusion is based on the characteristics of seborrheic keratosis and the fact that they are not associated with malignancy.

Choice A (senile lentigines) is incorrect because although they are also common in older adults, they are flat and dark spots rather than raised growths. Choice B (actinic keratoses) is incorrect as they are precancerous lesions related to sun exposure, leading to a risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma, not basal cell carcinoma. Choice C (acrochordons) are skin tags and not precursors to squamous cell carcinoma.

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The nurse is conducting an interview with a woman who has recently learned that she is pregnant and has come to the clinic to begin prenatal care. The woman states that she and her husband are excited about the pregnancy but have a few questions. She looks nervously at her hands during the interview and sighs audibly. Which of the following statements does the nurse know is most accurate, considering the concept of communication?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the woman's nonverbal cues (looking nervously at her hands, sighing audibly) indicate potential anxiety or stress. The nurse should acknowledge these cues and explore her feelings further to provide appropriate support. Option A is incorrect as it does not address the woman's nonverbal cues. Option C is incorrect as it assumes the woman is not genuinely excited about the pregnancy. Option D is incorrect as it overlooks the woman's nonverbal cues and does not address her potential emotional needs.

When providing culturally competent care, nurses must incorporate cultural assessment into their health assessment. Which statement is most appropriate to use when initiating a cultural beliefs assessment with a First Nations elder?

  • A. Are you of the Christian faith, or another faith?
  • B. Do you want to see a medicine man?
  • C. How often do you seek help from medical providers?
  • D. What cultural or spiritual beliefs are important to you?
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: "What cultural or spiritual beliefs are important to you?" This question allows the nurse to understand the elder's values and beliefs, guiding care. A: Assumes a specific faith. B: Stereotypes the elder. C: Focuses on frequency of medical visits, not beliefs.

A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of alcohol abuse. The nurse should be aware that this patient is at increased risk for which of the following complications?

  • A. Chronic liver disease.
  • B. Chronic kidney disease.
  • C. Pulmonary embolism.
  • D. Stroke.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chronic liver disease. Patients with a history of alcohol abuse are at increased risk for chronic liver disease due to the toxic effects of alcohol on the liver. Alcohol can lead to fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. The liver plays a crucial role in metabolizing alcohol, and excessive alcohol consumption can overwhelm the liver's ability to detoxify the body. Chronic kidney disease (B), pulmonary embolism (C), and stroke (D) are not directly associated with alcohol abuse. Kidney disease is more commonly linked to conditions like diabetes and hypertension, pulmonary embolism is often related to blood clotting disorders, and stroke can be caused by factors such as hypertension and atherosclerosis.

A nurse is teaching a patient with osteoarthritis about managing their condition. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the need for further education?

  • A. I will use heat or cold therapy to relieve joint pain.
  • B. I will take my pain medication regularly.
  • C. I will exercise regularly to strengthen my joints.
  • D. I will avoid physical activity to prevent joint strain.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because avoiding physical activity to prevent joint strain is not recommended for managing osteoarthritis. Exercise is crucial for strengthening joints and improving flexibility. Choice A is correct as heat or cold therapy can help relieve joint pain. Choice B is correct as taking pain medication regularly can help manage symptoms. Choice C is correct as regular exercise is important for maintaining joint health. In summary, avoiding physical activity is not a recommended approach for managing osteoarthritis, unlike the other choices which are beneficial for the condition.

A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes about foot care. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates proper understanding?

  • A. I will inspect my feet daily for cuts or blisters.
  • B. I will wear tight shoes to avoid blisters.
  • C. I will avoid trimming my toenails to prevent injury.
  • D. I will not worry about foot care unless I experience pain.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because daily inspection helps identify issues early, preventing complications. B is incorrect as tight shoes can cause blisters. C is wrong as proper toenail trimming is essential. D is incorrect because prevention is key in diabetic foot care.

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