Nokea
A maternity client is in need of surgery. Which healthcare member is legally responsible for obtaining informed consent for an invasive procedure?
- A. The social worker
- B. The nurse
- C. The physician
- D. The unit secretary
- G. C
Correct Answer: The physician is legally responsible for obtaining informed consent, explaining the procedure's purpose, risks, and alternatives. Nurses may assist, but social workers and unit secretaries have no role in this process.
Rationale:
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A nurse is assessing a female client and suspects that the client may have endometrial polyps based on which clinical manifestation?
- A. Bleeding between menses
- B. Bleeding after intercourse
- C. Metrorrhagia
- D. Vaginal discharge
- G. C
Correct Answer: Metrorrhagia (irregular uterine bleeding) is a hallmark of endometrial polyps due to their disruption of the endometrium. Other symptoms are less specific.
Rationale:
The nurse is working with a group of community health members to develop a plan to address the special health needs of women. The group would design educational programs to address which condition is the priority.
- A. Cancer
- B. Heart Disease
- C. Diabetes
- D. Smoking
- G. B
Correct Answer: Heart disease is the leading cause of death among women globally (21% of deaths in 2019 per WHO), making it the priority for educational programs to raise awareness and promote prevention.
Rationale:
A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has pelvic inflammatory disease as a consequence of a sexually transmitted infection and will need intravenous antibiotic therapy. The client tells the nurse, 'My parents think I am a virgin. I don't think I can tell them I have this kind of an infection.' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. You seem scared to talk to your parents.
- B. If you want me to, I can tell your parents for you.
- C. Your parents will have to be told why you are being admitted.
- D. Give your parents a chance; they'll understand.
- G. A
Correct Answer: Reflecting the client's fear shows empathy and encourages further discussion. Offering to tell parents or assuming parental understanding disregards autonomy and confidentiality.
Rationale:
A pregnant woman diagnosed with syphilis comes to the clinic for a visit. The nurse discusses the risk of transmitting the infection to her newborn, explaining that this infection is transmitted to the newborn through the:
- A. Breast milk
- B. Birth canal
- C. Amniotic fluid
- D. Placenta
- G. D
Correct Answer: Syphilis is transmitted to the fetus via the placenta, causing congenital syphilis, which can lead to serious complications like stillbirth or deformities. It is not transmitted through breast milk, birth canal, or amniotic fluid.
Rationale:
A nurse is reading a journal article about the care of a woman with pelvic organ prolapse. The nurse would expect to find information related to which disorder? Select all that apply.
- A. Fecal incontinence
- B. Rectocele
- C. Urinary incontinence
- D. Cystocele
- E. Enterocele
- G. B,C,D,E
Correct Answer: Pelvic organ prolapse includes rectocele, urinary incontinence, cystocele, and enterocele due to weakened pelvic support. Fecal incontinence is unrelated to organ displacement.
Rationale: