Nokea
When describing the menstrual cycle to a group of young women, the nurse explains that estrogen levels are highest during which phase of the endometrial cycle?
- A. Menstrual
- B. Ischemic
- C. Secretory
- D. Proliferative
- G. D
Correct Answer: Estrogen peaks during the proliferative phase, stimulating endometrial regeneration. Menstrual phase has low estrogen, ischemic phase sees declining levels, and secretory phase is dominated by progesterone.
Rationale:
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A client with trichomoniasis is to receive metronidazole. What should the nurse instruct the client to avoid while taking this drug?
- A. Caffeine
- B. Chocolate
- C. Nicotine
- D. Alcohol
- G. D
Correct Answer: Alcohol can cause a severe reaction with metronidazole, leading to nausea, vomiting, and other symptoms. Caffeine, chocolate, and nicotine do not interact with metronidazole.
Rationale:
Which factors are the main causes of the high infant mortality rate? Select all that apply.
- A. Cardiac complications
- B. Necrotizing enterocolitis
- C. Viral infections
- D. Prematurity
- E. Sudden infant death syndrome
- F. Low birth weight
- G. B,D,E,F
Correct Answer: Prematurity (35%), low birth weight (25%), sudden infant death syndrome (15%), and necrotizing enterocolitis (10%) are major causes of infant mortality. Cardiac complications (5%) and viral infections (2%) are less significant.
Rationale:
A nurse is reviewing contraception options for four clients. The nurse should identify that which of the following clients has a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives.
- A. A 26-year-old client who has migraine headaches at the start of each menstrual cycle
- B. A 28-year-old client who has a history of pelvic inflammatory disease
- C. A 32-year-old client who has benign breast disease
- D. A 38-year-old client who reports smoking one pack of cigarettes every day
- G. D
Correct Answer: Smoking, especially over age 35, increases cardiovascular risks with oral contraceptives, making it a contraindication. Migraines, PID history, and benign breast disease are not absolute contraindications.
Rationale:
The public health nurse is teaching young adolescents in a sexual health class the proper use of a condom. Which statements made by the students indicate teaching was successful? Select all that apply.
- A. Baby oil is an acceptable lubricant.
- B. Ensure a tight fit of the condom.
- C. Only use latex condoms.
- D. Place the condom on an erect penis.
- E. Store the condoms in a cool dry place.
- G. C,D,E
Correct Answer: Latex condoms are effective against STIs and pregnancy, unlike natural skin condoms. Condoms should be applied on an erect penis to prevent slippage, and stored in a cool, dry place to avoid damage. Baby oil degrades latex, and a tight fit increases breakage risk.
Rationale:
A nurse is preparing a breast cancer presentation for a health forum. Which fact would the nurse expect to address in this presentation?
- A. African American women have the BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 gene.
- B. American white women respond better to breast cancer treatment.
- C. Breast cancer is more advanced in African American women when found.
- D. More Hispanic women smoke, which increases their risk.
- G. C
Correct Answer: African American women are often diagnosed with more advanced breast cancer due to disparities in screening and access, a key fact for awareness.
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