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A meconium stool can be differentiated from a transitional stool in the newborn because the meconium stool is
- A. Passed in first 12-24h of life
- B. Seen at 3 days
- C. Residue of a milk curd
- D. Lighter in color and looser in consistency
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because meconium stool is typically passed within the first 12-24 hours of life in newborns. Meconium is the earliest stool passed by a newborn and is composed of materials ingested while in the womb. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because transitional stool is typically seen at 3 days, meconium is not a residue of milk curd, and meconium is darker in color and stickier in consistency compared to transitional stool.
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The nurse is counseling a client on the proper con- admitted to the labor and delivery unit complaining sumption of fish and fish products while pregnant. of mild contractions that are 10 minutes apart. How much fish should the nurse instruct the client After performing Leopold's maneuvers, the nurse to eat? determines that a hard round object is in the uterine
- A. 8 to 12 ounces of a variety of fish every week fundus. What should the nurse do if green fluid is
- B. 8 to 12 ounces of a variety of fish every month noted after rupture of the fetal membranes?
- C. 12 to 16 ounces of a variety of fish every week A.Observe the fetal monitor for variable decelerations
- D. 12 to 16 ounces of a variety of fish every month
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 12 to 16 ounces of a variety of fish every week. During pregnancy, fish is a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids which are beneficial for fetal development. Consuming 12 to 16 ounces per week is recommended by health authorities for pregnant women to get essential nutrients without excessive mercury intake. Choice A (8 to 12 ounces of fish every week) is not enough for optimal nutrition during pregnancy. Choice B (8 to 12 ounces of fish every month) is too infrequent for consistent nutrient intake. Choice D (12 to 16 ounces of fish every month) is also inadequate as the frequency is not sufficient for optimal fetal development. Therefore, choice C is the best option for ensuring adequate nutrient intake while minimizing risks associated with mercury consumption.
Which nursing intervention can help prevent postpartum depression?
- A. Provide printed educational material
- B. Encourage the mother to join a support group
- C. Assess the mother for risk factors of depression
- D. Administer antidepressants as prescribed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because joining a support group can provide emotional support and reduce feelings of isolation, which are key factors in preventing postpartum depression. Printed educational material (A) may not offer personalized support. Assessing for risk factors (C) is important but alone may not prevent depression. Administering antidepressants (D) is a treatment, not a prevention strategy.
The nurse is caring for a postpartum client with excessive bleeding. What is the priority nursing intervention?
- A. Administer IV fluids.
- B. Massage the uterine fundus.
- C. Notify the healthcare provider.
- D. Check the client's vital signs.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Massage the uterine fundus. This is the priority intervention because excessive bleeding postpartum may indicate uterine atony, which can lead to hemorrhage. Massaging the uterine fundus helps to stimulate uterine contractions and control bleeding. Administering IV fluids (A) can be important, but controlling bleeding takes precedence. Notifying the healthcare provider (C) can be done after implementing immediate interventions. Checking vital signs (D) is important, but addressing the underlying cause of bleeding is the priority.
A nurse is caring for a newborn delivered by vaginal birth with a vacuum assist. The newborn's mother asks about the swollen area on her son's head. After palpation to identify that the swelling crosses the suture line, which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse?
- A. "Mongolian spots can be found on the skin of many newborns."
- B. "A caput succedaneum occurs due to compression of blood vessels."
- C. "This is a cephalhematoma, which can occur spontaneously."
- D. "This is erythema toxicum, which is a transient condition."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "This is a cephalhematoma, which can occur spontaneously."
1. Cephalhematoma is a subperiosteal hemorrhage that does not cross suture lines and is due to trauma during delivery.
2. Caput succedaneum (choice B) occurs due to pressure during labor and resolves within a few days.
3. Mongolian spots (choice A) are benign bluish-grey birthmarks commonly found in newborns and are not related to head swelling.
4. Erythema toxicum (choice D) is a common rash in newborns, not related to head swelling.
In summary, the correct choice is C because it accurately describes the condition observed in the newborn after vacuum-assisted delivery.
A client with a history of hypertension is at 28 weeks' gestation. What complication is she at greatest risk for?
- A. Placenta previa.
- B. Gestational diabetes.
- C. Abruptio placentae.
- D. Preterm labor.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Abruptio placentae. At 28 weeks, the client with hypertension is at greater risk for abruptio placentae due to increased vascular resistance, leading to potential placental detachment. Placenta previa (A) is more common in the third trimester. Gestational diabetes (B) is more common in later pregnancy and not directly related to hypertension. Preterm labor (D) can be a risk with chronic hypertension but is not the greatest risk at 28 weeks.