Mr Balao asks the nurse as to the source of this disease. The nurse is aware that this is a disease of:
- A. connective tissue
- B. Bones
- C. purine metabolism Situation- Mr Gil age 86 years, has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects the brain, not connective tissue or bones. It is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates in the brain, leading to loss of cognitive function and memory. The nurse would be aware that Alzheimer's disease does not involve bones or purine metabolism, making connective tissue the correct answer in this context.
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The nurse is aware that in communicating with an elderly client, the nurse will
- A. Lean and shout at the ear of the client
- B. Use a low-pitched voice
- C. Open mouth wide while talking to the client
- D. Use a medium-pitched voice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When communicating with an elderly client, it is important to use a low-pitched voice because high frequencies can be difficult for older individuals to hear. A low-pitched voice is easier for them to understand and can help enhance communication. Speaking clearly and directly in a calm manner with a lower pitch can make it easier for the elderly client to hear and comprehend what is being said. Additionally, it is important to speak at a moderate pace and volume to ensure effective communication with elderly clients.
An adult suffered a diving accident and is being brought in by an ambulance intubated and on backboard with a cervical collar. What is the first action the nurse would take on arrival in the hospital?
- A. Take the client vital signs
- B. Insert a large bore IV line
- C. Check the lungs for equal breath sounds bilaterally
- D. Perform a neurologic check using the Glasgow scale
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The first action the nurse should take upon the arrival of the adult who suffered a diving accident and is intubated and on a backboard with a cervical collar is to insert a large bore IV line. This is a priority because the person may require urgent fluid resuscitation or medication administration, and having IV access is crucial for immediate intervention in trauma cases. After establishing IV access, other assessments such as vital signs, lung sounds, and neurological checks can follow.
Which statement is descriptive of renal transplantation in children?
- A. It is an acceptable means of treatment after age 10 years.
- B. It is the preferred means of renal replacement therapy in children.
- C. Children can receive kidneys only from other children.
- D. The decision for transplantation is difficult because a relatively normal lifestyle is not possible.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Renal transplantation is considered the preferred means of renal replacement therapy in children with end-stage renal disease. This is because transplantation offers the best long-term outcomes and quality of life for children compared to other forms of renal replacement therapy such as dialysis. Children who undergo successful renal transplantation tend to have improved growth, development, and overall health compared to those who remain on dialysis. Transplantation can provide children with the opportunity to live a relatively normal and healthy life, making it the preferred treatment option in pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease.
The MOST common type of cerebral palsy is
- A. ataxic cerebral palsy
- B. spastic cerebral palsy
- C. dystonic cerebral palsy
- D. dyskinetic cerebral palsy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spastic cerebral palsy is the most common type.
The pediatric nurse cares for a patient who has undergone a hydrocele repair. While assessing the patient, the nurse notices that the scrotum is swollen and discolored. These findings are:
- A. abnormal, and indicate the need for a cool compress.
- B. abnormal, and indicate the presence of hemorrhaging.
- C. normal, and indicate no need for intervention.
- D. normal, and indicate the need for a position change.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Swelling and discoloration after hydrocele repair are typically normal postoperative findings and do not require immediate intervention unless excessive or worsening.