Nokea
A new patient has come to the clinic seeking an appropriate method of birth control. What would the nurse teach this patient about a diaphragm?
- A. One size fits all females.
- B. The diaphragm may be cleaned with soap and water after use.
- C. A diaphragm eliminates the need for spermicidal jelly.
- D. The diaphragm should be removed 1 hour following intercourse.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The diaphragm may be cleaned with soap and water after use, which is a key teaching point for maintenance. Diaphragms require fitting as sizes vary, must be used with spermicidal jelly, and should remain in place for 6 hours post-intercourse. The other options are incorrect.
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A 51-year-old woman has come to the OB/GYN clinic for her annual physical. She tells the nurse that she has been experiencing severe hot flashes, but that she is reluctant to begin hormone therapy (HT). What potential solution should the nurse discuss with the patient?
- A. Sodium restriction
- B. Adopting a vegan diet
- C. Massage therapy
- D. Vitamin supplements
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For some women, vitamins B6 and E have proven beneficial for the treatment of hot flashes, making this a viable option to discuss. Sodium restriction, a vegan diet, and massage therapy have not been noted to relieve hot flashes in perimenopause.
The nurse is working with a couple who have been unable to conceive despite more than 2 years of trying to get pregnant. The couple has just learned that in vitro fertilization (IVF) was unsuccessful and they are both tearful. What nursing diagnosis is most likely to apply to this couple?
- A. Hopelessness related to failed IVF
- B. Acute confusion related to reasons for failed IVF
- C. Compromised family coping related to unsuccessful IVF
- D. Moral distress related to unsuccessful IVF
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The couple's tearful response to a failed IVF suggests hopelessness, a likely emotional reaction to the loss of a promising intervention. Acute confusion implies cognitive impairment, compromised coping is less specific, and moral distress is unrelated to the scenario.
A 21-year-old woman has sought care because of heavy periods and has subsequently been diagnosed with menorrhagia. The nurse should recognize which of the following as the most likely cause of the patients health problem?
- A. Hormonal disturbances
- B. Cervical or uterine cancer
- C. Pelvic inflammatory disease
- D. A sexually transmitted infection (STI)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Menorrhagia in young women is most commonly caused by hormonal disturbances, which disrupt normal menstrual regulation. Cervical or uterine cancer, pelvic inflammatory disease, and STIs are less likely causes in this age group.
A newly pregnant patient is being assessed in an obstetric clinic. The patient states that she has been experiencing intense abdominal pain and the nurse anticipates that the patient will be assessed for ectopic pregnancy. In addition to ultrasonography, what diagnostic test should the nurse anticipate?
- A. Computed tomography
- B. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) testing
- C. Estrogen and progesterone testing
- D. Abdominal x-ray
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If an ectopic pregnancy is suspected, the patient is assessed using ultrasound and hCG testing, which can confirm pregnancy location and viability. CT and x-rays are contraindicated during pregnancy due to radiation risks, and estrogen/progesterone levels are not diagnostic for ectopic pregnancy.
The nurse is utilizing the PLISSIT model of sexual health assessment during an interaction with a new patient. According to this model, the nurse should begin with what action?
- A. Conducting a preliminary assessment
- B. Addressing the patients psychosocial status
- C. Asking the patients permission to discuss sexuality
- D. Assessing for physiologic problems
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The PLISSIT model of sexual assessment begins with permission, where the nurse seeks the patient's consent to discuss sexual health, fostering a safe environment. This is followed by limited information, specific suggestions, and intensive therapy if needed.