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A newly hospitalized patient has needle tracks on both arms. A friend states that the patient uses heroin daily but has not used in the past 24 hours. The nurse should assess the patient for:
- A. slurred speech, excessive drowsiness, and bradycardia
- B. paranoid delusions, tactile hallucinations, and panic
- C. runny nose, yawning, insomnia, and chills
- D. anxiety, agitation, and aggression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
- Choice C is correct as the patient is exhibiting symptoms of heroin withdrawal, including runny nose, yawning, insomnia, and chills.
- Choice A is incorrect because it describes symptoms of central nervous system depressants, not heroin withdrawal.
- Choice B is incorrect as it describes symptoms of hallucinogens, not heroin withdrawal.
- Choice D is incorrect as it describes symptoms of stimulants, not heroin withdrawal.
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Mr. and Mrs. Smith and their three children (ages 5, 8, and 10) are in therapy with the nurse psychotherapist. Mrs. Smith tells the nurse that their marriage has been 'falling apart' since the birth of their youngest child, Tom. She explains that they 'did not want a third child, and I became pregnant even after my husband had undergone a vasectomy. We were very angry, the pregnancy was a problematic one, and the child has been difficult since birth. We had problems before he was born, but since Tom was born, things have gone from bad to worse. No one can control him, and he is wrecking our family!' The nurse assesses that which of the following may be occurring in this family?
- A. Scapegoating
- B. Triangling
- C. Disengagement
- D. Enmeshment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Scapegoating. Scapegoating occurs when one family member is blamed for the family's issues. In this case, Tom, the youngest child, is being blamed for the family's problems since his birth. Mrs. Smith explicitly states that they did not want a third child and that Tom has been difficult since birth. By blaming Tom for the family's issues, the family is using him as a scapegoat to avoid addressing their underlying problems. This behavior can negatively impact Tom's self-esteem and create further dysfunction within the family dynamics.
Incorrect Choices:
B: Triangling involves involving a third person in a conflict to avoid directly addressing the issue. While the family dynamics may involve triangulation, the primary issue here is scapegoating.
C: Disengagement refers to emotional withdrawal and lack of involvement in family dynamics. This does not align with the scenario provided.
D: Enmeshment is when boundaries between family members are blurred, leading to a
Foreign medical graduates (FMGs) constitute what percentage of physicians in the U.S.?
- A. 5%
- B. 15%
- C. 25%
- D. 35%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: FMGs make up about 25% of U.S. physicians, per current data.
There appears to be a power struggle among the members of an outpatient therapeutic support group. Which event that occurred during a session demonstrates a need for the leader to intervene?
- A. Two members consistently engaged in debates that made voting on issues very difficult.
- B. A member abruptly left the group session when his proposal did not gain enough votes to pass.
- C. Three members monopolized the session debating what stress management technique is most helpful.
- D. The decision regarding the admission of late members had to be postponed since no agreement could be reached.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. In this scenario, consistent debates hindering decision-making indicate a power struggle. The leader should intervene to facilitate productive discussions and maintain group cohesion. Choice B demonstrates individual frustration, not a group dynamic issue. Choice C shows members monopolizing, but not necessarily a power struggle. Choice D reflects a disagreement, but not a power struggle within the group. Therefore, Choice A is the most critical issue requiring intervention.
hich of the following statements is not correct?
- A. Lecture method is a one way process
- B. During lecture method students are passive
- C. Lecture method can develop knowledge
- D. Lecture method can develop reasoning
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lectures are less effective for developing reasoning, which requires active engagement, not passive listening.
The psychological test that measures projective personality is
- A. Rorschach
- B. MMPI
- C. WAIS
- D. DAT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rorschach uses projective responses to reveal personality.