Ethics & Issues in Contemporary Nursing

Ethics & Issues in Contemporary Nursing Related

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A novice nurse notices the medication nurse hurriedly gathering medications to be administered for the entire day, removing them from the packages, and placing them in a paper cup with the patient's name and room number on the cup. When one of the patients points at a pill and asks, "What is this?" and "What does this do?" the medication nurse is uncertain, because it has long since been removed from the packaging. The novice nurse speaks to the nurse manager about her observations and describes her concerns. The novice nurse has assumed the role of:

  • A. loner.
  • B. "rutter."
  • C. change agent.
  • D. "native."
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Change agent

Rationale:
1. A change agent is someone who identifies issues or concerns and takes action to implement positive changes.
2. In this scenario, the novice nurse recognized a potential problem with medication administration and spoke to the nurse manager to address it.
3. By seeking to improve medication safety practices, the novice nurse is actively working towards positive change within the healthcare setting.
4. The other choices are incorrect:
- A "loner" implies someone who prefers to work alone, which is not relevant to the situation.
- "Rutter" and "native" are not recognized terms in this context and do not apply to the nurse's actions.

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A group of nurses are assembling outside a hospital protesting the use of foreign nurses after several nurses were terminated due to what the hospital called recurring "decreased census." The nurses carry signs with messages asking potential patients to seek care elsewhere. The local newspaper picked up the story, and the hospital is receiving negative press. The nurses are participating in:

  • A. picketing.
  • B. collective bargaining.
  • C. a strike.
  • D. arbitration.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: picketing. Picketing involves protesting outside a workplace to draw attention to an issue, such as the use of foreign nurses in this case. The nurses are not actively refusing to work (strike), negotiating work conditions (collective bargaining), or submitting their dispute to a third party for resolution (arbitration). Picketing is the most appropriate term for their actions in this scenario.

During the relief response phase of a disaster resulting from a "dirty bomb":

  • A. treatment for burns and poisoning is provided for victims.
  • B. emergency plans are coordinated between agencies.
  • C. reconstruction of destroyed facilities and homes begins.
  • D. food stores are collected for potential victims.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because during the relief response phase of a "dirty bomb" disaster, victims are likely to suffer from burns and poisoning due to radiation exposure. Providing treatment for burns and poisoning is crucial to saving lives and preventing further health complications.

Choice B is incorrect because emergency plans coordination typically occurs during the preparedness phase, not the relief response phase. Choice C is incorrect as reconstruction usually takes place in the recovery phase, which follows the relief response phase. Choice D is incorrect as collecting food stores is more related to preparedness or immediate response, not specifically during the relief response phase.

The practice of nurses, nursing students, and faculty is affected by demographic changes due to:

  • A. the growing percentage of adults ages 50 to 55 years.
  • B. increasing numbers of obese children and adults.
  • C. changes by which families are becoming more nuclear.
  • D. social programs that are essentially eliminating poverty.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: increasing numbers of obese children and adults. This demographic change directly impacts the practice of nurses by requiring specialized care and interventions for obesity-related health issues. Nurses need to be equipped to address the unique needs of obese patients.

A is incorrect because the growing percentage of adults ages 50 to 55 years does not necessarily impact nursing practice significantly. C is incorrect as changes in family structure do not directly affect nursing care. D is incorrect because social programs alone cannot eliminate poverty entirely and poverty remains a significant factor affecting healthcare access and outcomes.

A patient's spouse was just diagnosed with lung cancer although there was no history of tobacco use. The spouse states, "I am so mad. How can you get cancer without smoking?" Which statement by the nurse represents empathy?

  • A. "Research is identifying many risk factors for cancer besides smoking."
  • B. "I understand how you could feel angry about the diagnosis."
  • C. "He is still a good husband."
  • D. "Why do you think he got cancer?"
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it demonstrates empathy by acknowledging and validating the spouse's feelings of anger. By stating, "I understand how you could feel angry about the diagnosis," the nurse shows compassion and understanding towards the spouse's emotional response. This response helps to build trust and rapport with the patient's spouse during a difficult time.

Choice A is incorrect as it focuses more on providing information rather than acknowledging the spouse's emotions. Choice C is incorrect as it does not address the spouse's feelings of anger and is not relevant to the situation. Choice D is incorrect as it comes across as confrontational and may make the spouse feel defensive.

A student nurse assigned to work with the charge nurse is given the opportunity to help revise the nursing assessment form. She receives several compliments from management and her nursing instructor for her creative suggestions. The student nurse enjoys the project and attention she is receiving and begins to prolong the conclusion of the project. Although she constantly adds new information, she filters this out slowly to others. The student nurse is subject to the time management obstacle of:

  • A. need for perfection.
  • B. fear of losing creativity.
  • C. unclear goals.
  • D. fear of completion.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: fear of completion. This is because the student nurse is prolonging the conclusion of the project despite constantly adding new information and filtering it out slowly to others. This behavior indicates a reluctance to finish the project, likely due to a fear of moving on to the next stage or fear of evaluation. The student nurse is enjoying the attention and positive feedback, leading to a delay in completing the task.

A: The need for perfection is not the primary obstacle in this scenario as the student nurse is not necessarily striving for perfection but rather avoiding completion.
B: Fear of losing creativity is not the main issue here as the student nurse is still adding new information, indicating creativity is not the concern.
C: Unclear goals do not seem to be the obstacle as the student nurse is actively engaged in the project and receiving positive feedback.

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