Nokea
A nurse advocates and intervenes between the health care system and the client's cultural beliefs on behalf of the client. Which term best describes the nurse's action?
- A. Cultural accommodation
- B. Culture brokering
- C. Cultural preservation
- D. Cultural repatterning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Culture brokering. This term best describes the nurse's action of advocating and intervening between the health care system and the client's cultural beliefs. Culture brokering involves facilitating communication, negotiation, and mediation between different cultural groups. The nurse acts as a bridge to ensure the client's cultural values are respected and incorporated into their healthcare.
A: Cultural accommodation refers to adapting healthcare practices to meet the client's cultural beliefs, but it does not involve advocating or intervening on behalf of the client like culture brokering.
C: Cultural preservation focuses on maintaining and safeguarding cultural traditions, which is not the primary action described in the question.
D: Cultural repatterning involves changing or modifying cultural beliefs, which is not the nurse's role in this scenario.
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Why are nurses increasingly providing care in clients homes rather than in hospitals? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Home care is less expensive.
- B. It is much more efficient to give care in the home.
- C. Nurses prefer to give home care with individual attention.
- D. People prefer to receive care in their homes rather than in hospitals.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Home care is less expensive. This is because providing care in clients' homes eliminates the high costs associated with hospital stays, such as room charges, equipment use, and overhead expenses. Nurses can provide necessary care in a cost-effective manner by visiting clients in their homes.
Other choices are incorrect:
B: Efficiency may vary depending on the situation, and home care may not always be more efficient.
C: While nurses may appreciate the individual attention aspect of home care, personal preference is not the primary reason for the shift.
D: While some people may prefer to receive care at home, this alone is not the main driver for the trend towards home care.
A nurse has only a regular blood pressure cuff when conducting a health screening for all of the
- A. Reliability
- B. Sensitivity
- C. Specificity
- D. Validity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Specificity. Specificity refers to the ability of a test to correctly identify those without a certain condition as negative. In this scenario, using a regular blood pressure cuff may not be specific enough to accurately identify individuals who do not have high blood pressure. The cuff may give false positive results, leading to unnecessary concern or further testing. The other choices are incorrect because: A - Reliability refers to the consistency of results, not the accuracy of identifying those without a condition. B - Sensitivity is the ability to correctly identify those with a certain condition as positive, not those without it. D - Validity is the overall accuracy of a test, which includes both sensitivity and specificity, but in this case, specificity is more relevant.
A client shares with the nurse that her grandparents immigrated to the United States from Germany. Which of the following best describes what she has disclosed?
- A. Multiculturalism
- B. Ethnicity
- C. Race
- D. Culture
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ethnicity. Ethnicity refers to shared cultural practices, perspectives, and identity based on a common ancestry or heritage. In this scenario, the client's disclosure of her grandparents immigrating from Germany indicates a connection to a specific cultural background and heritage. This information aligns with the concept of ethnicity.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
A: Multiculturalism - Multiculturalism refers to the coexistence of diverse cultural groups within a society, not the individual's specific cultural background.
C: Race - Race is based on physical characteristics such as skin color, not on the country of origin or cultural background.
D: Culture - While closely related, culture refers to the shared beliefs, values, and practices of a group, whereas ethnicity specifically focuses on shared ancestry or heritage.
A nurse is investigating a bacterial illness that has caused a health problem in the community. Only
- A. A strong public health structure ready to respond effectively to a crisis
- B. Public healths need for additional funding and resources
- C. The unrecognized importance of nurses in lowering health care costs
- D. Lack of adequate vaccines to meet communitys needs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A strong public health structure ready to respond effectively to a crisis. A strong public health structure is essential for investigating and managing a bacterial illness outbreak in a community. Public health infrastructure includes surveillance systems, trained personnel, communication networks, and resources necessary to respond promptly and effectively to health crises. Without a robust public health structure, identifying the source of the illness, implementing control measures, and preventing further spread would be challenging.
Choice B is incorrect because while additional funding and resources are important for public health, they do not address the immediate need for an effective response to the crisis. Choice C is incorrect as it is not directly related to the investigation of the bacterial illness. Choice D is incorrect as the lack of adequate vaccines may contribute to the spread of the illness but does not address the broader issue of public health infrastructure.
A woman is sitting in a corner of the clinical waiting room, crying audibly. The nurse asks, "What's wrong? Can I help?" The woman responds, "They just told me I have a positive mammogram and I need to see my doctor for follow-up tests. I know I'm going to die of cancer. How can I tell my family?" Which of the following information does the nurse need to know in order to help the woman cope with this finding?
- A. The negative predictive value of mammography
- B. The positive predictive value of mammography
- C. The reliability of mammography
- D. The validity of mammography
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The negative predictive value of mammography. The nurse needs this information to help the woman cope because it indicates the probability that a negative mammogram truly indicates the absence of breast cancer. Knowing this value can provide reassurance to the woman that a positive mammogram doesn't definitively mean she has cancer. The other choices are incorrect because: B (Positive predictive value) focuses on the likelihood of cancer if the test is positive, which may increase the woman's anxiety. C (Reliability) refers to the consistency of results, but it doesn't directly address the woman's concerns about her health. D (Validity) assesses how well a test measures what it is supposed to measure, but it doesn't offer immediate reassurance to the woman in this emotional moment.