Nokea
A nurse and social worker co-lead a reminiscence group for eight young-old adults. Which activity is most appropriate to include in the group?
- A. Mild aerobic exercise
- B. Singing a song from World War II
- C. Discussing national leadership during the Vietnam War
- D. Identifying the most troubling story in todays newspaper
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Young-old adults (65-75 years) were attuned to conflicts during the Vietnam War. Discussing national leadership from that time (C) suits reminiscence therapy for this age group. Other options (A, B, D) are less relevant.
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The home care nurse assessed a client with a history of dementia who had a herniorrhaphy at an ambulatory surgical center the previous day. The client lives in a senior living facility. The client thinks he is in the army and that it is 1945. The nurse should:
- A. Reorient the client to the current time and place.
- B. Notify the client's family of the confusion.
- C. Document the client's confusion and disorientation.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reorient the client to the current time and place. The nurse should reorient the client to prevent distress and promote safety. This approach helps the client feel more secure and may reduce confusion. Choice B is incorrect because the nurse should address the client's needs first. Choice C is not enough on its own as the nurse needs to actively assist the client. Choice D is incorrect as action is needed in this situation to support the client.
The nurse is caring for a patient with anorexia nervosa. Which intervention is a priority?
- A. Establish a no-contact rule with the patient's family.
- B. Monitor the patient's food intake and weight closely.
- C. Encourage the patient to exercise to improve health.
- D. Focus primarily on addressing the patient's body image issues.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because monitoring food intake and weight closely is crucial in managing anorexia nervosa to prevent further complications like malnutrition and dehydration. By closely monitoring these factors, the nurse can ensure the patient is receiving adequate nutrition and is not losing weight rapidly. Establishing a no-contact rule with the family (A) could hinder the patient's support system. Encouraging exercise (C) may worsen excessive calorie expenditure. Focusing on body image (D) is important but addressing immediate health risks takes precedence.
During occupational therapy a young patient diagnosed with schizophrenia sits staring at a piece of paper. Which response is most therapeutic at this time?
- A. If you prefer to sit and stare for a time, it is acceptable for you to leave.'
- B. You seem immobilized by anxiety. Is there anything I can do to help?'
- C. Are you having trouble deciding where you want to glue that piece?'
- D. Rub the glue stick on the back of the paper.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it provides a clear and simple directive that guides the patient on what to do next, promoting engagement in the therapeutic activity. By instructing the patient to rub the glue stick on the back of the paper, it helps redirect their focus and encourages participation in the task.
Choice A is incorrect as it allows the patient to disengage from the activity, which does not promote therapeutic progress. Choice B assumes the patient is anxious without evidence and may not address the core issue. Choice C is incorrect as it may not be relevant to the patient's current state and may further confuse or frustrate them.
A child, aged 11 years, stays home from school to care for his siblings while his mother works, because the family cannot afford a babysitter. The home is cluttered and dirty. When asked about his parents, the child reluctantly reveals that he thinks his father does not like him very much because he calls him 'stupid' and says he can never do anything right. This should be assessed as:
- A. physical abuse.
- B. sexual abuse.
- C. emotional abuse.
- D. economic abuse.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Explanation:
C: Emotional abuse is the correct assessment as the father's behavior of calling the child 'stupid' and criticizing him can cause psychological harm. This behavior undermines the child's self-esteem and mental well-being. The child's reluctance to speak about his parents also indicates emotional distress.
Incorrect choices:
A: Physical abuse involves causing physical harm, which is not evident in the scenario.
B: Sexual abuse involves inappropriate sexual behavior, which is not indicated in the scenario.
D: Economic abuse involves financial control or exploitation, which is not the primary issue in this scenario.
The male manager of a health club placed a hidden video camera in the women's locker room and recorded several women as they showered and dressed. The disorder most likely represented by this behavior is
- A. homosexuality.
- B. exhibitionism.
- C. pedophilia.
- D. voyeurism.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: voyeurism. Voyeurism is a disorder characterized by the act of observing an unsuspecting individual who is naked, in the process of undressing, or engaging in sexual activity, for the purpose of sexual gratification. In this scenario, the male manager is surreptitiously recording women in the locker room without their consent, indicating voyeuristic behavior.
A: Homosexuality is the sexual orientation of being attracted to individuals of the same gender and is not relevant to the scenario.
B: Exhibitionism involves exposing one's genitals to others for sexual gratification, which is not the case in this scenario.
C: Pedophilia is a disorder characterized by an adult's sexual interest in prepubescent children, which is not applicable in this scenario.
In summary, the behavior of the male manager aligns with voyeurism due to the secret recording of women in the locker room for sexual gratification.