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In DSM-IV-TR intellectual disabilities are divided into a number of degrees of severity, depending primarily on the range of IQ score provided by the sufferer. One of these is Severe Mental Retardation, represented by an IQ score between:
- A. 5-10 to 15-20
- B. 30-35 to 45-50
- C. 10-15 to 20-25
- D. 20-25 to 35-40
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe Mental Retardation: Defined by DSM-IV-TR as an IQ score between 20-25 to 35-40.
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When a person's sexual identity does not match his or her physical gender, the diagnosis is
- A. paraphilia
- B. sexual dysfunction
- C. gender identity disorder
- D. androgyny
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gender identity disorder (now gender dysphoria) describes a mismatch between identity and physical sex.
Which of the following is an example of an intellectual disability?
- A. Dyslexia
- B. ADHD
- C. Mental Retardation
- D. Autistic spectrum disorders
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mental Retardation: A DSM-IV-TR defined disorder in which an individual has significantly below average intellectual functioning characterised by an IQ of 70 or below.
A nurse and social worker co-lead a reminiscence group for eight young-old adults. Which activity is most appropriate to include in the group?
- A. Mild aerobic exercise
- B. Singing a song from World War II
- C. Discussing national leadership during the Vietnam War
- D. Identifying the most troubling story in todays newspaper
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Young-old adults (65-75 years) were attuned to conflicts during the Vietnam War. Discussing national leadership from that time (C) suits reminiscence therapy for this age group. Other options (A, B, D) are less relevant.
During occupational therapy a young patient diagnosed with schizophrenia sits staring at a piece of paper. Which response is most therapeutic at this time?
- A. If you prefer to sit and stare for a time, it is acceptable for you to leave.'
- B. You seem immobilized by anxiety. Is there anything I can do to help?'
- C. Are you having trouble deciding where you want to glue that piece?'
- D. Rub the glue stick on the back of the paper.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it provides a clear and simple directive that guides the patient on what to do next, promoting engagement in the therapeutic activity. By instructing the patient to rub the glue stick on the back of the paper, it helps redirect their focus and encourages participation in the task.
Choice A is incorrect as it allows the patient to disengage from the activity, which does not promote therapeutic progress. Choice B assumes the patient is anxious without evidence and may not address the core issue. Choice C is incorrect as it may not be relevant to the patient's current state and may further confuse or frustrate them.
Disorders related to abnormal functioning of the sleep-wake cycle or timing mechanisms of the body are called:
- A. Sleep apnea.
- B. Primary sleep disorders.
- C. Tertiary sleep disorders.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Primary sleep disorders. These disorders directly affect the sleep-wake cycle or timing mechanisms of the body. Sleep apnea (A) is a specific disorder characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep, not a general category. Tertiary sleep disorders (C) are not a recognized classification; the primary and secondary are the main categories. "None of the above" (D) is incorrect as primary sleep disorders are indeed related to abnormal functioning of the sleep-wake cycle.