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The medication donepezil (Aricept) frequently is used to treat the early-stage symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. When administering this particular medication, the nurse should be especially alert to assess the client for:
- A. Weight changes
- B. Tremors
- C. Increased sweating
- D. Alterations in blood pressure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Alterations in blood pressure. Donepezil can cause changes in blood pressure as a side effect. Nurses should monitor for orthostatic hypotension and changes in blood pressure to prevent adverse effects. Weight changes (A), tremors (B), and increased sweating (C) are not commonly associated with donepezil and are less likely to be significant concerns when administering this medication for Alzheimer's disease.
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Which regions have the lowest rates of death due to poor air quality?
- A. The United States
- B. Greenland
- C. Eastern Europe (Poland, Slovakia, the Czech Republic)
- D. India
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Greenland, with its sparse population and minimal industry, has low air pollution-related deaths.
Which is a key nursing consideration when planning care for a patient with bulimia nervosa?
- A. Allow the patient to choose their preferred food options.
- B. Provide a structured environment with clear expectations around eating behaviors.
- C. Monitor for signs of weight gain and decrease calorie intake accordingly.
- D. Encourage the patient to participate in regular exercise routines.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Provide a structured environment with clear expectations around eating behaviors. This is important in managing bulimia nervosa as it helps establish a routine, promotes healthy eating habits, and prevents binge-purge cycles. It provides consistency and boundaries, reducing the likelihood of impulsive behaviors.
Incorrect choices:
A: Allowing the patient to choose their preferred food options can enable unhealthy eating patterns and reinforce disordered behaviors.
C: Monitoring for weight gain and decreasing calorie intake can worsen the patient's condition and perpetuate their obsession with weight and food.
D: Encouraging regular exercise routines may exacerbate the patient's unhealthy relationship with food and body image, leading to excessive exercising or compensatory behaviors.
How does emotional regulation relate to mental development?
- A. Unrelated
- B. Enhances cognitive control
- C. Delays learning
- D. Increases aggression
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Emotional regulation enhances cognitive control (B), supporting focus and problem-solving, integral to mental development. It's not unrelated (A), doesn't delay learning (C), or inherently increase aggression (D).
Which of the following is true regarding the management of oppositional behaviours in children?
- A. There are no circumstances in which oppositional behaviours are considered typical and expected of children
- B. Assessment of oppositional behaviours should consider individual, dyadic, systemic, and familial risk factors
- C. Psychosocial and pharmacological treatments are found to be equally effective in the management of oppositional behaviours
- D. Parenting involvement and training are not required in the management of oppositional behaviours
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A comprehensive assessment considering individual, dyadic, systemic, and familial factors is true and essential for managing oppositional behaviors.
A rape victim tells the emergency room nurse, "I feel so dirty. Help me take a shower before the doctor examines me."Â The nurse should:
- A. Arrange for the patient to shower.
- B. Explain that bathing would destroy evidence.
- C. Give the patient a basin of water and towels.
- D. Explain that bathing facilities are not available in the emergency department.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Explain that bathing would destroy evidence. This is the correct choice because bathing can potentially wash away crucial forensic evidence that can be collected during a sexual assault examination. Preserving evidence is essential for legal proceedings and ensuring justice for the victim.
Choice A is incorrect because arranging for the patient to shower would destroy evidence. Choice C is incorrect as giving the patient a basin of water and towels would still risk destroying evidence. Choice D is also incorrect as it does not address the importance of preserving evidence in cases of sexual assault.