Nokea
A nurse asks an assigned client, 'How are you doing today?' The client responds with 'doing today, doing today, doing today.' Which speech pattern disturbance is this an example of?
- A. Reactive attachment disorder
- B. Stereotypic movement disorder
- C. Selective mutism
- D. Echolalia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Echolalia involves repeating the last heard words or phrases, as seen in the client's response, unlike the other disorders listed.
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The mother of a 15-year-old boy tells the nurse that her son is becoming more assertive in conflict situations and wants to get a job. She asks if it is healthy for a 15-year-old to be so independent. Which is valid information for the nurse to offer the mother?
- A. His behaviors reflect normal growth and development.
- B. He is overly independent.
- C. It sounds like he is trying to avoid her.
- D. She should observe for signs of substance abuse.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased assertiveness and seeking a job are normal developmental behaviors for a 15-year-old.
A mother expresses concern to the nurse that the child's regularly scheduled vaccines may not be safe. The mother states that she has heard reports that they cause autism. The most appropriate response by the nurse is.
- A. It is recommended that you wait until the child is older to vaccinate.
- B. There are safer alternative immunizations available now.
- C. There has been no research to establish a relationship between vaccines and autism.
- D. The risks do not outweigh the benefits of immunization against childhood diseases.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Extensive research by reputable institutions like the CDC has found no link between vaccines and autism, making this the most accurate and reassuring response.
When the prognosis of improvement in a child with psychiatric disorders is poor, what can the nurse do to positively influence children and adolescents and their parents?
- A. Continue to remind the child and parents that the prognosis for improvement is very poor.
- B. Encourage the parents to believe that the child will recover spontaneously.
- C. Assist the child and the parents to develop coping mechanisms.
- D. Focus on their problems instead of their strengths and assets.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Helping develop coping mechanisms leverages the child's developmental stage to improve long-term outcomes, focusing on strengths.
The parents of a child with ADHD express to the nurse, 'We get so frustrated when our son never minds us.' Which parenting strategies should the nurse discuss with the parents? Select all that apply.
- A. Use time-out for behavior control.
- B. Provide occasional rewards and consequences for behavior.
- C. Give verbal reprimands for negative behavior.
- D. Resist giving praise until fully compliant with requests.
- E. Use a point system for positive and negative behavior.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Time-outs, verbal reprimands, and point systems are effective strategies for managing ADHD behaviors consistently.
When teaching the parents of a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which statement by the parents would indicate the need for further teaching?
- A. We'll have him do his homework at the kitchen table with his brothers and sisters.
- B. We'll make sure he completes one task before going on to another.
- C. We'll set up rules with specific times for eating, sleeping, and playing.
- D. We'll use simple, clear directions and instructions.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A noisy, distracting environment like the kitchen table is unsuitable for a child with ADHD, indicating a need for further teaching.