Nokea
A nurse cares for a client who had a partial laryngectomy 10 days ago. The client states that all food tastes bland. How would the nurse respond?
- A. I will consult the speech therapist to ensure you are swallowing properly.
- B. This is normal after surgery. What types of food do you like to eat?
- C. I will ask the dietitian to change the consistency of the food in your diet.
- D. Replacement of protein, calories, and water is very important after surgery.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Acknowledge client's concern about bland taste.
Step 2: Validate normalcy post-laryngectomy.
Step 3: Assess client's food preferences for individualized care.
Step 4: Encourage open communication for effective care plan.
Step 5: Addressing the issue holistically promotes client-centered care.
Summary:
- A: Focuses on swallowing, not taste.
- C: Addresses food consistency, not taste.
- D: Important but not directly related to client's concern.
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Client history and assessment reveals all of these findings. Which finding supports the diagnosis of PE?
- A. Client was recently in a motor vehicle accident.
- B. Client participated in an aerobic exercise program for 6 months.
- C. Client gave birth to youngest child 1 year ago.
- D. Client was on bedrest 6 hours after diagnostic procedure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Recent trauma or immobility due to a motor vehicle accident increases the risk of PE. Aerobic exercise (B), childbirth over a year ago (C), and brief bedrest (D) are less likely risk factors.
Severing the sensory fibers from the lungs would result in all of the following except
- A. less inhibition of the inspiratory center during forced breathing
- B. a drop in tidal volume
- C. potential damage to the lungs due to overinflation
- D. a disappearance of the Hering-Breuer reflexes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: a drop in tidal volume. Severing sensory fibers from the lungs would lead to decreased feedback to the brain, resulting in less inhibition of the inspiratory center and potentially overinflation of the lungs (choice C). The Hering-Breuer reflexes, responsible for preventing lung over-inflation, would disappear (choice D). However, tidal volume is primarily controlled by the respiratory muscles and respiratory center in the brain, not solely by sensory input from the lungs. Hence, severing sensory fibers would not directly lead to a drop in tidal volume.
Inflammation of the lung covering causing severe chest pain is
- A. Emphysema
- B. Pleurisy
- C. Asphyxia
- D. Hypoxia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pleurisy. Pleurisy is the inflammation of the lung covering (pleura), leading to severe chest pain. Emphysema (A) is a chronic lung disease characterized by damaged air sacs. Asphyxia (C) is a condition of inadequate oxygen supply. Hypoxia (D) is a state of low oxygen levels in tissues. Pleurisy is the best fit as it directly relates to inflammation of the lung covering and severe chest pain.
Spirometry is used
- A. To detect the amount of Hemoglobin
- B. To detect the air flow through the respiratory system
- C. To check the respiratory quotient
- D. None of these
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To detect the air flow through the respiratory system. Spirometry measures lung function by assessing the volume of air inhaled and exhaled. It helps in diagnosing respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD. Choice A is incorrect because spirometry does not measure hemoglobin levels. Choice C is incorrect as spirometry does not determine the respiratory quotient, which relates to metabolic processes. Choice D is incorrect as spirometry is used for assessing respiratory function.
What is the relationship between the pressures at label '8'?
- A. P outside = P inside
- B. P outside > P inside
- C. P outside < P inside
- D. P outside + P inside
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: P outside < P inside. This is because pressure decreases as altitude increases. At label '8', the pressure outside the object (presumably at a higher altitude) is lower than the pressure inside the object. This is due to the decrease in air pressure with increasing altitude. Choice A is incorrect because at higher altitudes, the pressure outside is lower than inside. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests the opposite relationship. Choice D is incorrect as it does not accurately describe the relationship between the pressures at label '8'.