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A nurse cares for a client with diabetes mellitus who is visually impaired. The client asks, 'Can I ask my niece to prefill my syringes and then store them for later use when I need them?' How should the nurse respond?
- A. Yes, prefilled syringes can be stored for 3 weeks in the refrigerator in a vertical position with the needle pointing up.
- B. Yes, syringes can be filled with insulin and stored for a month in a location that is protected from light.
- C. Insulin reacts with plastic, so prefilled syringes are okay, but you will need to use glass syringes.
- D. No, insulin syringes cannot be prefilled and stored for any length of time outside of the container.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin in prefilled plastic syringes is stable for up to 3 weeks when refrigerated, stored vertically with the needle up to prevent clogging. The other options are incorrect regarding storage duration, material, or stability.
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A nurse teaches a client with diabetes mellitus who is experiencing numbness and reduced sensation. Which statement should the nurse include in this client's teaching to prevent injury?
- A. Examine your feet using a mirror every day.
- B. Rotate your insulin injection sites every week.
- C. Check your blood glucose level before each meal.
- D. Use a bath thermometer to test the water temperature.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clients with reduced sensation are at risk for burns from hot bathwater. Using a thermometer to check water temperature prevents injury. Daily foot checks, site rotation, and glucose monitoring are important but do not directly prevent burns.
A nurse teaches a client who is prescribed an insulin pump. Which statement should the nurse include in this client's discharge education?
- A. Test your urine daily for ketones.
- B. Use only buffered insulin in your pump.
- C. Store the insulin in the freezer until you need it.
- D. Change the needle every 3 days.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Changing the needle every 3 days reduces infection risk with insulin pumps. Testing urine for ketones, using buffered insulin, or freezing insulin are not recommended practices.
A nurse prepares to administer insulin to a client at 1800. The client's medication administration record contains the following information: Insulin glargine: 12 units daily at 1800, Regular insulin: 6 units QID at 0600, 1200, 1800, 2400. Based on the client's medication administration record, which action should the nurse take?
- A. Draw up and inject the insulin glargine first, and then draw up and inject the regular insulin.
- B. Draw up and inject the insulin glargine first, wait 20 minutes, and then draw up and inject the regular insulin.
- C. Draw up the dose of regular insulin, then draw up the dose of insulin glargine in the same syringe, mix, and inject the two insulins together.
- D. Inject first the glargine and then the regular insulin right afterward.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin glargine cannot be mixed with other insulins. Administering glargine first, followed by regular insulin as separate injections, is correct to avoid mixing and ensure proper action.
A nurse teaches a client about self-monitoring of blood glucose levels. Which statement should the nurse include in this client's teaching to prevent bloodborne infections?
- A. Wash your hands after completing each test.
- B. Do not share your monitoring equipment.
- C. Wipe excess blood from the strip with a cotton ball.
- D. Use gloves when monitoring your blood glucose.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sharing monitoring equipment can transmit bloodborne infections like hepatitis B, which can survive in dried blood. Not sharing equipment is critical. Washing hands before testing, not after, is recommended. Wiping blood with a cotton ball or using gloves is not standard practice for preventing infections.
After teaching a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for additional teaching?
- A. I need to have an annual appointment even if my glucose levels are in good control.
- B. Since my diabetes is controlled with diet and exercise, I must be seen only if I am sick.
- C. I can still develop complications even though I do not have to take insulin at this time.
- D. If I have surgery or get very ill, I may have to receive insulin injections for a short time.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clients with type 2 diabetes need annual checkups to monitor for complications, regardless of control method. The other statements are accurate regarding complication risks and potential insulin needs.