Nokea
A nurse caring for a patient who is prescribed a full-liquid diet recognizes that this diet lacks some nutrients. What nutrients are lacking?
- A. Fat-soluble vitamins
- B. Potassium
- C. Iron and fiber
- D. Water-soluble vitamins
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A full-liquid diet is deficient in iron and fiber.
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Which are the energy-providing food groups?
- A. Carbohydrates
- B. Fats
- C. Proteins
- D. Vitamins
- E. Minerals
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: The food groups that provide energy are carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
A patient diagnosed with renal failure is unable to excrete protein waste products and develops a condition that requires a protein-restricted diet. The nurse instructs the patient that azotemia can be diminished by substituting other food groups for protein. What is an example of a food that this patient can substitute for protein?
- A. Potatoes
- B. Beans
- C. Cheese
- D. Soy products
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The foods that a patient with renal disease can substitute for energy are in the carbohydrate group. Potatoes are the only carbohydrate listed.
A school nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about adequate nutrition. What increased intake should the nurse encourage?
- A. Potassium and sodium
- B. Chloride and magnesium
- C. Iron and calcium
- D. Vitamins and minerals
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dietary inadequacies in adolescence include iron and calcium.
The nurse is educating a group of high school students regarding nutrition. How should the nurse respond when the students ask what occurs when protein mineral iron and fat combine?
- A. Body processes are regulated.
- B. Energy is provided.
- C. Tissue is built and repaired.
- D. Body function is restored.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Many nutrients are necessary to build and repair tissue, including protein, minerals, iron, and fat.
A fit young woman was at zero nitrogen balance. The nurse discovers that this patient is now pregnant with her first child. For what is this patient at risk?
- A. Embolism
- B. Anabolism
- C. Catabolism
- D. Metabolism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When more nitrogen is consumed than is excreted, anabolism occurs. This is also called a positive nitrogen balance.