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A nurse determines that a client who is experiencing anxiety is using relief behaviors. The nurse determines that the client is experiencing which degree of anxiety?
- A. Mild
- B. Moderate
- C. Severe
- D. Panic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Relief behaviors, such as avoidance or rituals, are typically used in severe anxiety (C) to reduce overwhelming distress. Mild anxiety (A) enhances alertness, moderate (B) involves manageable distress, and panic (D) involves disorganized behavior, not specific relief behaviors.
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A female client is diagnosed with panic disorder. The client tells the nurse that she hasn?t left her house in more than a month because she was afraid of another attack. She visited the mental health clinic today only because her son brought her. Which nursing diagnosis would be a priority for this client?
- A. Powerlessness related to symptoms of anxiety
- B. Decisional Conflict related to fear of leaving the house
- C. Ineffective Family Coping related to symptoms of anxiety
- D. Social Isolation related to fear of recurrence of anxiety symptoms
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Social Isolation (D) is the priority, as the client?s fear of panic attacks has led to avoiding leaving home, significantly impacting social functioning. Powerlessness (A) and decisional conflict (B) are relevant but less immediate, and ineffective family coping (C) is not supported by the scenario.
After teaching a class about the biochemical theories associated with panic disorder, the instructor determines a need for additional teaching when the students identify which neurotransmitter as being implicated?
- A. Dopamine
- B. Serotonin
- C. Norepinephrine
- D. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serotonin (B), norepinephrine (C), and GABA (D) are implicated in panic disorder due to their roles in anxiety regulation. Dopamine (A) is primarily linked to psychosis and reward, not panic, indicating a misunderstanding.
A nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client with generalized anxiety disorder, focusing on nutrition. Which of the following would the nurse encourage the client to avoid? Select all that apply.
- A. Coffee
- B. Ginseng
- C. Milk products
- D. Citrus juices
- E. Aged cheese
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Coffee (A) and ginseng (B) are stimulants that can exacerbate anxiety symptoms in GAD. Milk products (C), citrus juices (D), and aged cheese (E) are not typically contraindicated unless specific sensitivities exist.
A client with a panic disorder has been prescribed a benzodiazepine medication. Which of the following would the nurse emphasize as a risk associated with using this medication?
- A. Dietary restrictions
- B. Withdrawal symptoms
- C. Agitation
- D. Fecal impaction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Benzodiazepines (B) carry a significant risk of withdrawal symptoms, including anxiety and seizures, if stopped abruptly, necessitating careful tapering. Dietary restrictions (A) apply to MAOIs, agitation (C) is a symptom not a risk, and fecal impaction (D) is unrelated.
A client who has been diagnosed with panic disorder visits the clinic and experiences a panic attack. The client tells the nurse, I?m so nervous. My hands are shaking, and I?m sweating. I feel as if I?m having a stroke right now. Which of the following would the nurse do first?
- A. Stay with the client while remaining calm.
- B. Move the client to a safe environment.
- C. Tell the client that the attack will soon pass.
- D. Teach the client deep breathing techniques to calm her.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Staying with the client while remaining calm (A) is the first priority during a panic attack to provide reassurance and safety, reducing fear. Moving to a safe environment (B) is secondary, reassuring about duration (C) is less immediate, and teaching breathing (D) requires the client to be calmer first.