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A nurse explains to a client why two chest tubes are in place after a lobectomy. What is the lower chest tube for?
- A. Draining air from the pleural space
- B. Draining blood and fluid from the pleural space
- C. Providing oxygen directly to the lungs
- D. Preventing lung collapse
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The lower chest tube after a lobectomy is to drain blood and fluid from the pleural space. This is crucial to prevent complications such as fluid accumulation, which can lead to infection or impaired lung expansion. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Draining air is usually done by the upper chest tube, C) Providing oxygen does not require a chest tube, and D) Preventing lung collapse is more related to the function of the upper chest tube in maintaining negative pressure in the pleural space.
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A nurse is instructing a client how to decrease the nausea associated with chemotherapy and radiation. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will eat food that are served at room temperature.
- B. I will eat food that is very hot.
- C. I will drink large amounts of fluids with meals.
- D. I will eat a large meal right before chemotherapy.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A: "I will eat food that is served at room temperature."
Rationale: Eating foods at room temperature can help decrease nausea because hot foods may worsen nausea, while cold foods could cause stomach discomfort. Room temperature foods are generally easier on the stomach and may be better tolerated during chemotherapy and radiation. This choice demonstrates an understanding of how food temperature can impact nausea.
Summary of other choices:
B: Eating very hot food can actually worsen nausea.
C: Drinking large amounts of fluids with meals can dilute stomach acid and enzymes, potentially worsening nausea.
D: Eating a large meal right before chemotherapy can lead to increased nausea and discomfort.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has had a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for uterine cancer. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Artificial lubrication can be used to treat vaginal itching and dryness.
- B. Estrogen therapy will reverse vaginal dryness.
- C. Do not use tampons for 6 months.
- D. Avoid sexual activity for 1 year.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A. Artificial lubrication can be used to treat vaginal itching and dryness.
Rationale: After a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, the client will experience menopausal symptoms due to the removal of the ovaries. Vaginal dryness and itching are common symptoms that can be managed with artificial lubrication. Estrogen therapy is contraindicated in this client due to the history of uterine cancer. Using tampons can increase the risk of infection post-surgery. Avoiding sexual activity for 1 year is not necessary unless advised by the healthcare provider.
A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client following arthroscopic knee surgery. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Keep the knee elevated above the heart at all times.
- B. Avoid physical therapy for 2 weeks.
- C. Apply ice to the affected area.
- D. Limit fluid intake to reduce swelling.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Apply ice to the affected area. Ice application helps reduce swelling and pain post-surgery. Keeping the knee elevated above the heart (A) is important, but not at all times as it can lead to other issues like blood pooling. Avoiding physical therapy for 2 weeks (B) is incorrect as early mobilization is crucial for recovery. Limiting fluid intake (D) is not recommended as hydration is essential for healing.
A nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with a client following a right cataract extraction. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid lifting anything heavier than 4.5 kg (10 lb) for 1 week.
- B. Take a warm shower every day.
- C. Resume regular activities immediately.
- D. Avoid all physical activity for the next month.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid lifting anything heavier than 4.5 kg (10 lb) for 1 week. This instruction is crucial after a cataract extraction to prevent any strain on the eye during the initial healing period. Lifting heavy objects can increase intraocular pressure and potentially lead to complications. Choice B (Take a warm shower every day) is not directly related to post-operative care for a cataract extraction. Choice C (Resume regular activities immediately) is incorrect as the client should avoid strenuous activities, including heavy lifting, to allow proper healing. Choice D (Avoid all physical activity for the next month) is overly restrictive and unnecessary. It's important to provide specific, clear, and relevant instructions to support the client's recovery.
A nurse is assessing a client who reports numbness and pain in his right palm, index finger, and middle finger. The client reports working with a keyboard most of the time while at work. The nurse suspects carpal tunnel syndrome. Which of the following tests should the nurse request that the client perform?
- A. Tinel's sign
- B. Phalen's test
- C. Rinne's test
- D. Romberg test
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Phalen's test. Phalen's test is used to assess for carpal tunnel syndrome by having the client flex the wrists and press the backs of the hands together for 1 minute to compress the median nerve. This test reproduces symptoms in individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome due to increased pressure on the median nerve. Tinel's sign (A) is used to assess for nerve compression, but it is not specific to carpal tunnel syndrome. Rinne's test (C) is used to assess for hearing loss. Romberg test (D) is used to assess for balance and proprioception issues. Choices E, F, and G are not relevant to assessing carpal tunnel syndrome.