Nokea
A nurse in a community clinic is caring for a client who requests assistance with smoking cessation. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following medications?
- A. Naltrexone
- B. Chlordiazepoxide
- C. Clonidine
- D. Bupropion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bupropion. Bupropion is an antidepressant that is also FDA-approved for smoking cessation. It works by reducing nicotine cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Naltrexone (A) is used for alcohol and opioid dependence, not smoking cessation. Chlordiazepoxide (B) is a benzodiazepine used for alcohol withdrawal. Clonidine (C) is used to manage withdrawal symptoms in opioid and alcohol dependence, not specifically for smoking cessation. Therefore, Bupropion is the most appropriate choice for assisting the client with smoking cessation.
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Which of the following groups is pressuring clinicians the most to use evidence-based practice (EBP)?
- A. Administrators
- B. Insurance companies
- C. Nurses
- D. Physicians
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administrators. Administrators are pressuring clinicians the most to use evidence-based practice (EBP) as they are responsible for ensuring quality care, cost-effectiveness, and adherence to standards. They implement policies mandating EBP to improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. Nurses and physicians may advocate for EBP, but administrators hold the most influence due to their oversight of healthcare operations. Insurance companies focus more on reimbursement criteria rather than direct pressure for EBP implementation.
A nurse has developed the following PICOT question: In adult men, is zinc supplementation as effective as vitamin C supplementation in reducing the length of respiratory viral infections over six months? The nurse identifies "zinc supplementation†as which part of the PICOT question?
- A. Population
- B. Intervention
- C. Comparison
- D. Outcome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Intervention. In a PICOT question, the 'Intervention' refers to the treatment or exposure being considered. In this case, the nurse is comparing zinc supplementation to vitamin C supplementation, making zinc supplementation the intervention being studied. The 'Population' would be adult men, 'Comparison' would be vitamin C supplementation, and 'Outcome' would be the reduction in the length of respiratory viral infections. The other choices are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the specific focus of the intervention being studied in the question.
A nurse is caring for a client who is comatose and has advance directives that indicate the client does not want life-sustaining measures. The client's family wants the client to have life sustaining measures. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Arrange for an ethics committee meeting
- B. Balancing the bottle on the sterile basin while pouring the liquid
- C. Determine the client's current anxiety level
- D. Tell the child there will be discomfort during the catheter insertion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Arrange for an ethics committee meeting. In this scenario, the client has clear advance directives that they do not want life-sustaining measures. The nurse's primary responsibility is to advocate for the client's wishes, as outlined in their advance directives. By arranging an ethics committee meeting, the nurse can facilitate a discussion involving healthcare professionals, the client's family, and possibly legal experts to ensure that the client's wishes are respected while also addressing the concerns of the family. This process allows for a thorough review of the situation and consideration of all perspectives before making a final decision.
Choice B is incorrect because it is unrelated to the client's care preferences. Choice C is irrelevant as the client's anxiety level does not impact the decision about life-sustaining measures. Choice D is also unrelated to the client's advance directives and is not a priority in this situation.
A nurse is preparing to perform a sterile wound irrigation and dressing change for a client. Which of the following actions by the nurse breaks in surgical aseptic technique?
- A. Balancing the bottle on the sterile basin while pouring the liquid
- B. Clarify the reason for the referral
- C. Identify family needs and interventions
- D. Provide discharge teaching
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because balancing the bottle on the sterile basin contaminates the sterile field. Sterile technique requires keeping all items above waist level, avoiding leaning over the sterile field, and maintaining a safe distance to prevent contamination. Choices B, C, and D are unrelated to sterile technique and do not involve direct contact with the sterile field. Clarifying the reason for referral, identifying family needs, and providing discharge teaching are important aspects of nursing care but do not pertain to maintaining a sterile field during wound irrigation and dressing change.
Which action by the nurse is an example of engaging in environmental justice?
- A. Using the environment to assist in client recovery
- B. Encouraging communities to engage in composting
- C. Eliminating lead-based paint in public housing
- D. Educating the community on proper disposal of hazardous materials
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Eliminating lead-based paint in public housing. This action exemplifies environmental justice as it aims to address a specific environmental hazard that disproportionately affects marginalized communities living in public housing. By removing lead-based paint, the nurse is advocating for a safe and healthy living environment for all individuals, regardless of their socioeconomic status. This action promotes fairness and equality in environmental protection. In contrast, choices A, B, and D focus on general environmental initiatives that may not directly target environmental injustices or disparities. Therefore, choice C is the most effective in addressing environmental justice concerns.