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A nurse in a provider's office is instructing a parent of a toddler how to administer ear drops. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Place the child on his unaffected side when you are ready to administer the medication.
- B. Warm the medication by gently rolling it between your hands for a few minutes.
- C. Gently shake medication that is in suspension form.
- D. Keep the child on his side for 5 minutes after institution of the ear drops.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Side position , warming , and keeping on side ensure proper administration and absorption.
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are useful in a variety of disorders. Which of the following statements are true about both its usefulness in the disorder and the reason for its use?
- A. Stable angina because it decreases the thickening of vascular walls due to decreased modified release.
- B. Heart failure because it reduces remodeling of injured myocardial tissues.
- C. Both 1 and 2 are true and the reasons are correct.
- D. Both 1 and 2 are true but the reasons are wrong.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors reduce myocardial remodeling in heart failure; they are not used for stable angina.
A nurse is planning to administer a first dose of Captopril to a client who has hypertension. Which of the following medications can intensify first dose hypotension? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Simvastatin
- B. Hydrochlorothiazide
- C. aliskiren
- D. Clonidine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diuretics , clonidine , and aliskiren enhance hypotension with captopril's first dose.
A prescription needs to be written for:
- A. Legend drugs
- B. Most controlled drugs
- C. Medical devices
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prescriptions are required for legend drugs (prescription-only), most controlled drugs, and certain medical devices , per regulatory standards.
An older adult experiencing shortness of breath is brought to the hospital by her daughter. While obtaining the medication history from the patient and her daughter, the nurse discovers that neither has a list of the patient's current medications or prescriptions. The patient has a weekly pill dispenser that contains four different pills. The prescriptions are filled through the local pharmacy. Which resource would be appropriate to use in determining the medication names and doses?
- A. Martindale-The Complete Drug Reference
- B. Drugs and Facts Comparisons
- C. Senior citizens' center
- D. Patient's home pharmacy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient's pharmacy maintains an accurate record of all current medications, making it the best resource for identifying the drugs and doses.
Secobarbital and ethanol when given together show:
- A. Additive sedative action
- B. Reduced sedative action
- C. Competitive antagonism
- D. Chemical antagonism
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Both secobarbital (barbiturate) and ethanol are CNS depressants, resulting in additive sedation.