Burns Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank

Burns Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank Related

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A nurse in the newborn nursery is monitoring a preterm newborn infant for respiratory distress syndrome. Which assessment signs if noted in the newborn infant would alert the nurse to the possibility of this syndrome?

  • A. Hypotension and Bradycardia
  • B. Tachypnea and retractions
  • C. Acrocyanosis and grunting
  • D. The presence of a barrel chest with grunting
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), also known as hyaline membrane disease, is a condition commonly seen in preterm newborn infants. The two classic signs of RDS are tachypnea (rapid breathing) and retractions. Tachypnea is defined as a respiratory rate greater than 60 breaths per minute in newborn infants. Retractions refer to visible indrawing of the chest wall with each breath, indicating increased work of breathing. These signs are indicative of the infant's struggle to breathe and can suggest the presence of RDS. While acrocyanosis (bluish discoloration of the extremities) and grunting may also be present in infants with RDS, tachypnea and retractions are more specific indicators of respiratory distress. Hypotension and bradycardia are not common signs of RDS. The presence of a barrel chest with grunting is not specific

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What are the periods in life when the need for iron increases?

  • A. Pregnancy
  • B. Infancy
  • C. Old age
  • D. Male reproductive years
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The need for iron increases during pregnancy primarily due to the increased blood volume to support the growing fetus and placenta. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, which helps transport oxygen to both the mother and the developing baby. Pregnant women often require more iron to prevent iron deficiency anemia, which can have negative effects on both the mother and the baby. It is important for pregnant women to consume enough iron-rich foods or take iron supplements as recommended by their healthcare provider to support a healthy pregnancy.

Primary amenorrhea should be considered for any female adolescent who has not reached menarche by

  • A. 13 years or has not done so within 3 years of thelarche
  • B. 14 years or has not done so within 2 years of thelarche
  • C. 14 years or has not done so within 3 years of thelarche
  • D. 15 years or has not done so within 3 years of thelarche
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Primary amenorrhea is suspected if menarche has not occurred by age 15 or within 3 years of thelarche.

In Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), all the following manifestations are at high risk of mortality in patients EXCEPT

  • A. liver
  • B. spleen
  • C. lung
  • D. hematopoietic system
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Lung involvement, while serious, is less lethal compared to liver, spleen, or hematopoietic system involvement.

The nurse is caring for a client who has just had a modified radical mastectomy with immediate reconstruction. She's in her 30s and has two young children. Although she's worried about her future, she seems to be adjusting well to her diagnosis. What should the nurse do to support her coping?

  • A. Tell the client's spouse or partner to be supportive while she recovers.
  • B. Encourage the client to proceed with the next phase of treatment.
  • C. Recommend that the client remain cheerful for the sake of her children.
  • D. Refer the client to the American Cancer Society's Reach for Recovery program or another support program.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Referring the client to the American Cancer Society's Reach for Recovery program or another support program is the best course of action to support her coping. This program can provide emotional support, practical assistance, and guidance to the client as she navigates through the challenges of coping with breast cancer and reconstruction surgery. Connecting with others who have gone through similar experiences can help her feel less isolated and provide her with valuable insights and resources to cope effectively. This approach acknowledges the importance of holistic support for the client during this difficult time, beyond what medical treatment alone can provide.

A guest who is diabetic attended a bridal affair. The guest started to tremble and started to feel dizzy. Luckily a nurse is present. The best action for the nurse to take is to:

  • A. encourages the guest to eat some
  • B. call the guest's personal hygiene
  • C. offer the guest a peppermint
  • D. give the guest a glass of orange juice
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The best action for the nurse to take in this situation is to give the guest a glass of orange juice (Choice D). The guest is most likely experiencing hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) due to diabetes. Orange juice contains natural sugars that can help raise the guest's blood sugar levels quickly. Since the guest is feeling dizzy and trembling, providing a source of fast-acting sugar like orange juice is crucial in addressing the low blood sugar and preventing the situation from worsening. It is important to follow up with a source of longer-lasting carbohydrates and protein after the guest's blood sugar levels have stabilized.

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