Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam

Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Related

Review Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam related questions and content

A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. The nurse should expect the client's chest to be which of the following shapes?

  • A. Pigeon
  • B. Funnel
  • C. Kyphotic
  • D. Barrel
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Barrel. In COPD, the chest becomes barrel-shaped due to hyperinflation of the lungs. This results in an increased anterior-posterior chest diameter, giving it a rounded appearance. This shape is characteristic of COPD as the hyperinflation causes the rib cage to remain partially expanded at all times.

A: Pigeon – This shape is not associated with COPD and is not a typical finding in respiratory conditions.
B: Funnel – This shape is not associated with COPD and is more commonly seen in conditions like pectus excavatum.
C: Kyphotic – This shape refers to an exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic spine, not the chest shape itself.

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For Mrs. Allen's weight reduction program to be successful, what should the nurse explain?

  • A. An anorexiant should be used 4-6 weeks at the beginning
  • B. An intestinal bypass is recommended if rapid weight loss is not achieved
  • C. Personal eating habits must be assessed objectively
  • D. Complete fasting for a week is necessary
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Assessing personal eating habits objectively helps identify areas for improvement and fosters sustainable lifestyle changes.

Allison Lynn, 20, is a student in a health sciences class and asks you to further explain the reason for lack of insulin in Type I Diabetes. You state that the most accepted theory is that:

  • A. the insulin produced is not effective at the tissue level.
  • B. not enough insulin is made to manage the metabolic needs.
  • C. inflammation of the pancreas causes irregular release of insulin.
  • D. the body's immune system destroyed the cells that make insulin.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Type I diabetes is the definition of that disease process that occurs when no insulin is produced, so there is no insulin to get to the cell level. Some Type II diabetes occurs because of insulin resistance. No insulin is being produced. This is one pathophysiological cause of Type II diabetes. Pancreatitis does cause irregular release of insulin, but not all people with pancreatitis develop Type I diabetes An autoimmune process is the most accepted theory of the root cause of Type I diabetes. The body produces an antibody which attacks and destroys the beta cells, leading to a lack of insulin.

Which action should you delegate to the nursing assistant for the client with diabetic ketoacidosis? (Choose all that apply.)

  • A. Check fingerstick glucose every hour
  • B. Record intake and output every hour
  • C. Check vital signs every 15 minutes
  • D. Assess for indicators of fluid imbalance
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Checking fingerstick glucose and recording intake/output are routine tasks that can be delegated to a nursing assistant. Assessing fluid imbalance and checking vital signs frequently require more skilled nursing judgment.

You are caring for a patient with Sophaged cancer. Which task could be delegated to the nursing assistant?

  • A. Assist the patient with oral hygiene.
  • B. Observe the patient's response to feedings.
  • C. Facilitate expression of grief or anxiety.
  • D. Initiate daily weights.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Oral hygiene is a basic care task that can be safely performed by a nursing assistant, while the other options require more advanced clinical judgment.

The nursing care plan for the client with dehydration includes interventions for oral health. Which interventions are within the scope of practice for the LPN/LVN being supervised by the nurse? (Choose all that apply.)

  • A. Remind client to avoid commercial mouthwashes.
  • B. Encourage mouth rinsing with warm saline.
  • C. Assess lips,tongue and mucous membranes.
  • D. Provide mouth care every 2 hours while client is awake.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: All listed interventions are appropriate and within the LPN/LVN’s scope of practice under supervision. They contribute to maintaining oral health and hydration in dehydrated clients.

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