Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam

Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Related

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Vince has been taking excessive amounts of over-the-counter antacid tablets. He has been exhibiting signs of irritability, anxiety, muscle cramping, and weakness, and has recently developed tetany. The physician has initiated seizure precautions. He recognizes that the patient is being monitored and treated for:

  • A. Hyperkalemia.
  • B. Hyperphosphatemia.
  • C. Metabolic acidosis.
  • D. Metabolic alkalosis.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is Metabolic alkalosis (D). Excessive intake of antacids containing bicarbonate or calcium carbonate can lead to metabolic alkalosis. Symptoms such as irritability, anxiety, muscle cramping, weakness, and tetany are consistent with elevated blood pH levels due to increased bicarbonate levels.

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Mary is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease. You need to teach Mary to

  • A. Avoid coffee, tea, and other caffeine-containing beverages.
  • B. Take histamine 2 blockers, such as ranitidine, as directed.
  • C. Avoid acidic foods such as citrus or tomato.
  • D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Lifestyle modifications and medications are key in managing GERD.

In assisting clients with vertigo and balance problems, which team members (RN, LPN/LVN, MD, physical therapist, nursing assistant), working under appropriate supervision, should be assigned to fulfill each task?

  • A. Assess and identify the etiology of vertigo.
  • B. Assist the client in routine position change and ambulation.
  • C. Administer antivertigo agents, such as meclizine (Antivert).
  • D. Obtain informed consent for a labyrinthectomy.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Assessment and identification of the etiology of vertigo require advanced clinical judgment, making this task appropriate for an RN or MD.

Which mind-body medicine technique allows an individual to voluntarily control physiologic functions such as body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, and brain waves?

  • A. Biofeedback
  • B. Hypnosis
  • C. Imagery
  • D. Humor
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Biofeedback enables individuals to gain conscious control over involuntary physiological processes.

Lucinda is a 27-year-old woman with a history of asthma who is scheduled for an appendectomy later today. Due to her asthma, her preoperative teaching would include the need for postoperative:

  • A. coughing and deep breathing exercises.
  • B. leg exercises.
  • C. wound dressing changes.
  • D. all of the above.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Patients with asthma are at higher risk for respiratory complications postoperatively. Coughing and deep breathing exercises help prevent atelectasis and pneumonia, making them essential for this patient.

When assessing a patient for anaphylaxis, you would be alert for

  • A. Chest pain and indigestion.
  • B. Hives and dyspnea.
  • C. Hypertension and blurred vision.
  • D. Headache and photophobia.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Anaphylaxis often presents with hives and difficulty breathing.

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