Nokea
A nurse is assessing a middle-aged adult for possible biologic risk factor associated with mental illness. Which of the following would the nurse identify as placing this patient at increased risk? Select all that apply.
- A. Changes in skin tone and moisture leading to the development of wrinkles
- B. Enhanced respiratory efficiency leading to preference for less activity
- C. Loss of lens elasticity which can affect a person?s self-esteem
- D. Changes in brain structure leading to changes in cognition
- E. Decreased basal metabolic rate leading to weight gain and low activity
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Biologic risk factors for mental illness in middle-aged adults include loss of lens elasticity affecting self-esteem (C), changes in brain structure impacting cognition (D), and decreased metabolic rate leading to weight gain and low activity (E), all linked to depression or anxiety. Skin changes (A) are cosmetic, and enhanced respiratory efficiency (B) is inaccurate.
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A nurse is providing an in-service program for a group of nurses who are providing home care to middle-aged adults. When describing the typical caregiver, which characteristics would the nurse include? Select all that apply.
- A. Female gender
- B. Average age of 40 years
- C. Married
- D. Working within the home
- E. Median income of $20,000/year
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Typical caregivers for middle-aged adults are often female (A) and married (C), reflecting societal roles and family structures. The average age is closer to 50, many work outside the home, and median income is higher than $20,000/year, making B, D, and E less accurate.
A nurse is developing a presentation for a local community group of young and middle-aged adults about common psychosocial problems. Which of the following would be least appropriate for the nurse need to integrate into the presentation?
- A. The age range for individuals in this category is from 18 to 65 years of age.
- B. These categories are specific to Western culture secondary to a lengthened lifespan.
- C. Longer periods of development for this group have become the norm throughout the world.
- D. These categories apply primarily in the United States because of superior technologic advances.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The statement that categories apply primarily in the U.S. due to superior technologic advances is least appropriate, as psychosocial problems are universal and not tied to U.S.-specific technology. The age range, Western cultural context, and longer developmental periods are relevant.
When describing mental health to a community group ranging in age between 25 and 50 years, the nurse includes information about the developmental concepts that are often readdressed when life stresses occur. Which developmental concept would the nurse be least likely to address?
- A. Identity
- B. Ego integrity
- C. Generativity
- D. Intimacy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ego integrity is a developmental task of older adulthood (Erikson?s stage for ages 65+), not young/middle adulthood (25?50 years), where identity, intimacy, and generativity are more relevant. Life stresses in this age group often prompt revisiting these earlier tasks.
A nurse is participating as a speaker in a public workshop on the topic of promoting mental health in young and middle-aged adults. The nurse tells the audience that age, unemployment, and lower education are risk factors associated with mental illness. A woman raises her hand and asks, 'Does that mean because I only have a 10th grade education and am unemployed that I will develop a mental illness?' Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. No, not necessarily; it just means that there is an increased chance that you might.
- B. Of course not; we live in a rural area, and these statistics are based on large cities.
- C. Yes, I am afraid so, but with early detection, we can prevent the illness from worsening.
- D. It probably does, but we have developed advanced medications to treat mental illness.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The response 'No, not necessarily; it just means that there is an increased chance that you might' accurately clarifies that risk factors increase likelihood, not certainty, of mental illness. Other options are misleading, overly definitive, or dismissive of the woman?s concern.
A school nurse is teaching a class of adolescents about healthy behaviors. Which of the following activities include as a means for preventing anxiety and depression when they are middle-aged adults?
- A. Restricting their sugar and fat intake
- B. Refraining from smoking or doing drugs
- C. Engaging in physical activity and exercise
- D. Becoming active in local church activities
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Engaging in physical activity and exercise is strongly linked to preventing anxiety and depression by improving mood and reducing stress. Restricting diet helps physical health, refraining from substances reduces risk but is less direct, and church activities may help socially but lack strong evidence for prevention.