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A nurse is assessing the parents of a 6-year-old child who has died from leukemia. The nurse is integrating the dual process model for the assessment. Which of the following would the nurse identify as reflecting the parents? loss-oriented coping?
- A. Engaging in new activities
- B. Denying the grief
- C. Developing new relationships
- D. Thinking about the lost child
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The dual process model distinguishes loss-oriented coping (focusing on the loss, e.g., thinking about the child) from restoration-oriented coping (e.g., new activities or relationships). Denying grief (B) is not a healthy coping mechanism.
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The nurse is providing follow-up care to victims of a disaster that occurred several months ago. Assessment of which of the following would lead the nurse to suspect that the victims are experiencing possible aftereffects of the disaster?
- A. Tachycardia
- B. Profuse perspiration
- C. Unexplained gastrointestinal disturbance
- D. Tremors
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Unexplained gastrointestinal disturbances can be a psychosomatic aftereffect of disaster-related stress, indicating lingering psychological impact. Tachycardia, perspiration, and tremors are more acute stress responses, less likely months later.
A group of nursing students is reviewing information about the types of crisis. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as a developmental crisis?
- A. Going away to college
- B. Obtaining a job promotion
- C. Loss of a pet
- D. Earthquake
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A developmental crisis occurs during life transitions, such as going away to college, which involves significant role changes. Job promotion (B) is positive, loss of a pet (C) is situational, and an earthquake (D) is traumatic, not developmental.
A Red Cross nurse is interviewing a woman whose house was totally destroyed during the night by a tornado; the woman?s pet poodle died as a result of the tornado. Which of following would the nurse most likely expect to hear from the woman?
- A. I don?t know. I can?t feel anything right now. Nothing seems real.
- B. Devastated. . . . I just feel totally devastated. I don?t know how I can go on living.
- C. I just want my insurance man to get here so I can file a claim. Everything I had is gone.
- D. I always thought my dog would die peacefully in my arms. Now I?ll never be able to hold her again.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After a traumatic event like a tornado, shock and dissociation are common, as reflected in the statement 'I can?t feel anything right now. Nothing seems real.' This indicates a crisis response. The other statements reflect grief (B, D) or practical concerns (C), which may occur later but are less immediate.
A group of nursing students is reviewing information about grief and bereavement. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following?
- A. Grief and bereavement are used interchangeably as responses to loss.
- B. Bereavement is the process of mourning and grief is the emotional reaction.
- C. Grief involves confronting the stress, but bereavement helps avoid the stresses.
- D. Bereavement is influenced by culture, but grief is not.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bereavement is the process of mourning a loss, while grief is the emotional response to that loss. The terms are not interchangeable (A), grief confronts stress (C) but bereavement doesn?t avoid it, and both are culturally influenced (D).
The nurse is assessing a 35-year-old woman who is seeking assistance at a local community counseling center. Which of the following statements made by the woman would indicate that she is experiencing a crisis?
- A. I?m so upset; my husband has never left me like this before.
- B. I?m confused and hurt; I have lost my best friend and my lover.
- C. I don?t understand; I can?t seem to function like I usually do.
- D. No matter what I do, I am still overcome by these sad feelings.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A crisis is characterized by an inability to function as usual due to overwhelming stress. The statement 'I can?t seem to function like I usually do' directly indicates impaired functioning, a hallmark of a crisis. The other statements reflect emotional distress but do not explicitly highlight functional impairment.