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After teaching a group of nursing students about crisis, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students state which of the following?
- A. Crisis triggers maladaptive responses.
- B. Crisis is a time-limited event.
- C. Chronic crisis is a real situation.
- D. Events causing a crisis are similar for everyone.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A crisis is a time-limited event, typically resolving within weeks as individuals adapt or receive support. Crises do not always trigger maladaptive responses (A), chronic crisis is not a standard term (C), and events vary by individual (D).
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A nursing instructor who is lecturing to students about how to respond to individuals who are in the midst of a disaster. Which statement would be most appropriate to include about initial nursing interventions for such individuals?
- A. You should ask them to give you a brief medical history so their physical needs can be met.
- B. Focus on safety needs and provide simple, clear instructions to help them function effectively.
- C. Help them determine what their long-term goals will be so they can maintain a sense of hope.
- D. Try to redirect their attention away from the problems at hand so you can decrease their anxiety.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a disaster, initial interventions prioritize safety and clear communication to help individuals function despite stress. Medical history (A), long-term goals (C), or redirection (D) are less immediate and may not address acute needs effectively.
A patient?s 5-year-old poodle ran in front of a car and was killed. The patient continues to be upset by her pet?s death, and she explains to a community counseling center nurse that she can?t stop crying because, 'My Precious meant the world to me, and now my world will never be the same!' If the nurse were to determine that the patient was experiencing a crisis, which of the following types of crisis would it most likely be?
- A. Maturational
- B. Situational
- C. Traumatic
- D. Developmental
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A situational crisis arises from an external event, such as the sudden loss of a pet. The patient?s intense grief and sense of a changed world suggest a situational crisis triggered by the pet?s death. Maturational and developmental crises relate to life transitions, and traumatic crises involve life-threatening events, which do not apply here.
As part of a community program on crisis prevention, a nurse is describing the phases of crisis. Which of the following would the nurse identify as occurring first?
- A. Problem stimulating usual problem solving
- B. Trial and error attempts to alleviate problem
- C. Automatic relief behaviors take over
- D. Serious personality disorganization
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The first phase of a crisis involves the individual attempting to use usual problem-solving methods to address the stressor. If ineffective, it progresses to trial-and-error (B), relief behaviors (C), and potentially disorganization (D).
A nurse is part of team working with hurricane victims. One of the hurricane victims is staying in a temporary shelter provided by the Red Cross. To determine the extent to which this victim can cognitively cope with his situation and how much support he needs, which question would be most appropriate for the nurse to ask?
- A. What kind of help do you need from us?
- B. What are your thoughts about what you will do during the next few days?
- C. How are you feeling about all that you have gone through?
- D. Are you feeling guilty because you survived and some of your neighbors did not?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asking about the victim?s thoughts on next steps assesses their cognitive coping and planning ability, indicating their level of functioning and support needs. The other questions focus on practical needs (A), emotions (C), or specific guilt (D), which are less directly tied to cognitive coping.
A 25-year-old legal secretary is seeking counseling because she recently lost her job unexpectedly. Which question would be most appropriate for the nurse to use in assessing the patient?s response to losing her job?
- A. What happened to cause you to lose your job?
- B. How did you feel immediately after being told you no longer had a job?
- C. How do you expect yourself to be able to handle this situation?
- D. How have you responded to previous stressful situations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing the patient?s emotional response immediately after the job loss provides insight into the impact of the event and her coping mechanisms. Understanding her feelings helps evaluate the crisis?s severity. The other questions focus on causes, expectations, or past behavior, which are less directly tied to her current response.