Nokea
A nurse is calculating a child's medication dose by using Clark's Rule. Which of the following calculations represents the application of Clark's Rule?
- A. Infant's age in months/150 months the average adult dose
- B. Child's age in years/child's age in years +12 times the average adult dose
- C. Weight of child in pounds/150 pounds the average adult dose
- D. Surface area in square meters/1.73 the average adult dose
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clark's Rule uses the child's weight to calculate the dose and assumes the adult dose is based on a 150-pound person. Fried's Rule applies to a child younger than 1 year of age and assumes that an adult dose would be appropriate for a child who is 12.5 years (150 months) old. Young's Rule applies to children 1 to 12 years of age. Surface area calculation of a child's dose is determined with the use of a nomogram including the child's height and weight.
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You are to infuse 1,200 mL of IV fluid over 6 hours using a drop factor of 10 gtt/mL. What is the flow rate in drops per minute?
- A. 30 gtt/min
- B. 33 gtt/min
- C. 40 gtt/min
- D. 50 gtt/min
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flow rate = (1,200 mL 10 gtt/mL) ÷ (6 60) = 12,000 ÷ 360 = 33.33 gtt/min, rounded to 33 gtt/min.
Nonselective beta blockers and alcohol create serious drug interactions with insulin because they:
- A. Increase blood glucose levels
- B. Produce unexplained diaphoresis
- C. Interfere with the ability of the body to metabolize glucose
- D. Mask the signs and symptoms of altered glucose levels
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nonselective beta blockers and alcohol mask hypoglycemia symptoms (e.g., tachycardia), complicating detection.
A nurse is teaching the family of a child who has Cystic Fibrosis and a new prescription for Acetylcysteine. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the instructions?
- A. Expect this medication to suppress your cough.
- B. Expect this medication to smell like rotten eggs.
- C. Expect this medication to cause euphoria.
- D. Expect this medication to turn your urine orange.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acetylcysteine has a sulfur-like odor , a notable characteristic to prepare the family for.
Not an antidepressant
- A. Amitryptilline
- B. Fluoxetin
- C. Trazodone
- D. Pimozide
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pimozide is an antipsychotic, not an antidepressant.
Under new U.S. Food and Drug Administration labeling, Pregnancy Categories will be:
- A. Strengthened with a new coding such as C+ or C- to discern when a drug is more or less toxic to the fetus
- B. Changed to incorporate a pregnancy risk summary and clinical considerations on the drug label
- C. Eliminated, and replaced with a link to the National Library of Medicine TOXNET Web site for in-depth information regarding pregnancy concerns
- D. Clarified to include information such as safe dosages in each trimester of pregnancy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: FDA replaced categories with risk summaries and clinical considerations for clearer, narrative-based guidance, effective 2015.