Nokea
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for Clonidine to assist with maintenance of abstinence from opioids. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Dry mouth
- C. Insomnia
- D. Hypertension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clonidine commonly causes dry mouth due to its anticholinergic effects.
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You are to infuse 1,200 mL of IV fluid over 6 hours using a drop factor of 10 gtt/mL. What is the flow rate in drops per minute?
- A. 30 gtt/min
- B. 33 gtt/min
- C. 40 gtt/min
- D. 50 gtt/min
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flow rate = (1,200 mL 10 gtt/mL) ÷ (6 60) = 12,000 ÷ 360 = 33.33 gtt/min, rounded to 33 gtt/min.
Which of the following combinations of drugs should be used in the treatment of a patient with organophosphate poisoning?
- A. Atropine and epinephrine
- B. Epinephrine and isoproterenol
- C. Norepinephrine and propranolol
- D. Atropine and pralidoxime
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Atropine blocks muscarinic effects, and pralidoxime regenerates cholinesterase.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is supposed to receive two drugs at the same time. What is the nurses priority action?
- A. Wash her hands before handling the medications.
- B. Consult a drug guide for compatibility.
- C. Question the patient concerning drug allergies.
- D. Identify the patient by checking the armband and asking the patient to state his name.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A nurse should first consult a drug guide for compatibility when two or more drugs are being given at the same time. After compatibility is determined the medication can be administered. The nurse will perform hand hygiene, check for patient allergies, and ensure the right patient receives the medication by using two identifiers.
A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the medical record of a client who is pregnant and is at her first prenatal visit. Which of the following immunizations may the nurse administer safely to this client?
- A. Varicella vaccine
- B. Rubella vaccine
- C. Inactivated influenza vaccine
- D. Measles vaccine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inactivated influenza vaccine is safe in pregnancy; live vaccines (A, B, D) are contraindicated.
As an antacid, sodium bicarbonate has the following disadvantages EXCEPT:
- A. It causes acid rebound
- B. In ulcer patients, it increases risk of perforation
- C. It has low acid neutralizing capacity
- D. It is contraindicated in CHF
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium bicarbonate has high acid-neutralizing capacity, but it causes acid rebound, risks perforation in ulcers due to gas production, and is contraindicated in CHF due to sodium load.