Nokea
A nurse is caring for a 65-year-old male who recently underwent an aortic valve replacement. Which of the following is a post-operative nursing care priority?
- A. Temperature monitoring
- B. Assess for bleeding
- C. Advance diet as tolerated
- D. Dressing change
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Valve replacement bleeds assessing for hemorrhage at surgical sites or anticoagulation tops post-op care, a life-or-death watch per ABCs. Fever, diet, dressings matter, but bleeding's immediate. Nurses hunt oozing or shock, ensuring stability, a priority in this fresh-cut cardiac zone.
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According to the World Health Organization's ICF Bio-Psycho-Social Model, which of the following factors is an environmental contextual factor?
- A. Social background
- B. Behaviour pattern
- C. Social attitudes
- D. Coping style
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ICF's environment slot social attitudes shape disability's feel, a nurse's external lens. Background, behavior, coping are personal, not outer. It's a chronic context key, world over self.
About the mineralocorticoid antagonists (MRAs) which of the following is correct?
- A. Patiromer is a new MRA
- B. Losartan is a MRA
- C. MRAs can cause hypokalemia
- D. Finerenone is a novel nonsteroidal MRA
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: MRAs finerenone's new, not patiromer, losartan; hyperkalemia, albumin cuts fit. Nurses tap this chronic kidney tweak.
Endothelial dysfunction is one of the first steps in the development of atherosclerosis. Question: Which factor is NOT involved in endothelial dysfunction?
- A. Haemodynamic changes (e.g. hypertension)
- B. Inflammation
- C. Lipids
- D. Proteinuria
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Endothelial flops pressure, inflammation, lipids kick it, proteinuria's kidney, not vessel start. Nurses spot this, a chronic dysfunction trio.
The side effects of radiotherapy used in the treatment of cancer do not include which of the following:
- A. Stomatitis
- B. Fatigue
- C. Alopecia
- D. Anorexia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Radiotherapy zaps mouth sores, tired, appetite drop, but hair's chemo's game, not rays' unless scalp-targeted. Nurses split this, a chronic beam truth.
A 65-year-old male client is brought via EMS to the emergency department with chest pain. He rates the pain as a 10 on a scale from 0-10; the pain is located mid-sternum and radiates to his left arm. His heart rate is 126 beats/minute and blood pressure are 96/60 mm Hg. A 12-lead electrocardiogram is performed and reveals ST-segment elevation. Which of the following interventions does the nurse anticipate performing immediately?
- A. Administer oxygen
- B. Administer morphine
- C. Administer a statin
- D. Administer nitroglycerin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ST-elevation MI (STEMI) signals acute coronary occlusion severe chest pain, tachycardia, and hypotension demand oxygen first to counter hypoxia, per ABCs, buying time for reperfusion. Morphine eases pain, nitroglycerin dilates (if BP allows), but oxygen's immediate. Statins aid long-term, not now. Nurses prioritize oxygen, anticipating cath lab prep, a critical step in this time-sensitive infarct emergency.