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A nurse is caring for a child who is allergic to penicillin. Which prescription should the nurse verify with the provider?,Which prescription should be verified for a penicillin-allergic child?
- A. Amoxicillin-clavulanate.
- B. Gentamicin
- C. Erythromycin.
- D. Amphotericin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Amoxicillin-clavulanate. This is because amoxicillin-clavulanate belongs to the penicillin class of antibiotics and can potentially trigger an allergic reaction in a child who is allergic to penicillin. The nurse should verify this prescription with the provider to avoid any adverse reactions. Gentamicin (B) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic and is not related to penicillin. Erythromycin (C) is a macrolide antibiotic, which is also unrelated to penicillin. Amphotericin (D) is an antifungal medication and does not belong to the penicillin class. It is crucial for the nurse to ensure that the child does not receive any medication that could cause an allergic reaction due to their penicillin allergy.
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A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide 40 mg IV. Available is furosemide 10 mg/1 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? How many mL of furosemide should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale: The correct answer is 4 mL. To determine this, the nurse uses the formula: Desired dose (40 mg) ÷ Stock strength (10 mg/1 mL) = mL to administer. Thus, 40 mg ÷ 10 mg/1 mL = 4 mL. This calculation ensures the proper dosage is given. Other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the correct dosage calculation based on the given information.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has a new prescription for enalapril. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for? Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for enalapril?
- A. Dry cough
- B. Weight loss
- C. Tinnitus
- D. Hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dry cough. Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor commonly associated with a side effect of a persistent dry cough due to increased bradykinin levels. The nurse should monitor the patient for this adverse effect as it can indicate drug intolerance. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as weight loss, tinnitus, and hypoglycemia are not commonly associated with enalapril use. Weight gain may be more common due to fluid retention, tinnitus is not a known side effect, and hypoglycemia is not typically linked with enalapril.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has a history of heart failure and is receiving furosemide. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse monitor? Which lab result should the nurse monitor for furosemide?
- A. Serum potassium
- B. Serum calcium
- C. Serum magnesium
- D. Serum sodium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Serum potassium. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause potassium loss through increased urine output. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to prevent hypokalemia, which can lead to cardiac arrhythmias in a patient with a history of heart failure. Serum calcium (B) and magnesium (C) are not directly affected by furosemide use. Serum sodium (D) monitoring is important for other conditions but not specific to furosemide therapy in this case.
A nurse is attending to a patient with a wound infection. What should the nurse do when collecting a wound-drainage specimen for culture? What should the nurse do for wound culture collection?
- A. Swab an area of skin away from the wound to identify the usual flora.
- B. Irrigate the wound with an antiseptic prior to obtaining the specimen.
- C. Cleanse the wound with 0.9% sodium chloride saline irrigation before obtaining the specimen.
- D. Include intact skin at the wound edges in the culture.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cleanse the wound with 0.9% sodium chloride saline irrigation before obtaining the specimen. This step is essential to ensure that the sample collected is not contaminated with external bacteria, which could lead to inaccurate results. By cleansing the wound with a sterile solution like saline, the nurse can remove debris and bacteria from the wound surface, increasing the likelihood of obtaining an accurate culture. Swabbing an area away from the wound (choice A) would not provide an accurate representation of the bacteria present in the wound. Irrigating the wound with an antiseptic (choice B) could potentially interfere with the culture results by killing the bacteria being tested for. Including intact skin at the wound edges in the culture (choice D) is unnecessary and could introduce contaminants. Overall, choice C is the most appropriate step to ensure a reliable wound culture.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is postoperative following a thyroidectomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse monitor for? Which finding should the nurse monitor post-thyroidectomy?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Bradypnea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tachycardia. Following a thyroidectomy, the nurse should monitor for tachycardia due to the risk of thyroid storm, which can cause increased heart rate. Hypotension (A) is less common post-thyroidectomy. Hyperglycemia (C) is not a typical finding post-thyroidectomy. Bradypnea (D) is not expected, as respiratory rate should be monitored for signs of airway obstruction.