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A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of esophageal varices. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Hematemesis
- B. Weight gain
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Hypotension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hematemesis, vomiting blood, is a common symptom of esophageal varices due to portal hypertension.
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A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of hypertension. Which of the following lifestyle modifications should the nurse recommend?
- A. Increase sodium intake.
- B. Limit physical activity.
- C. Reduce stress.
- D. Avoid calcium-rich foods.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reducing stress helps lower blood pressure by decreasing sympathetic nervous system activation.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of Lyme disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Bull's-eye rash
- B. Weight gain
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Hypotension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A bull's-eye rash (erythema migrans) is a classic early sign of Lyme disease at the site of the tick bite.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a new diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Morning stiffness
- B. Weight gain
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Hypotension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Morning stiffness is a hallmark symptom of rheumatoid arthritis, lasting for hours due to joint inflammation.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for zolpidem. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for?
- A. Drowsiness
- B. Weight gain
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Tinnitus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Zolpidem, a sedative-hypnotic, commonly causes drowsiness, which can affect safety and coordination.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about palliative care to a client who has cancer. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- A. It is for clients who have a terminal illness.
- B. It is for clients who are given 6 months or less to live.
- C. It includes restriction of nutritional support.
- D. It enhances quality of life by promoting comfort.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Enhancing quality of life by promoting comfort is correct. Palliative care aims to relieve symptoms such as pain, nausea, and fatigue while supporting the client's emotional, psychological, and spiritual well-being.