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A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for furosemide. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor?
- A. Sodium
- B. Calcium
- C. Potassium
- D. Magnesium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide can cause hypokalemia, so potassium levels must be monitored. Sodium, calcium, or magnesium aren't primarily affected.
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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for omeprazole. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication at bedtime.
- B. You might need to take this medication for up to 8 weeks.
- C. Stop taking this medication if you experience heartburn.
- D. Take this medication with an antacid for best results.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Omeprazole may require 4-8 weeks for full effect in treating conditions like GERD. It's taken before meals, not bedtime, stopping for heartburn is incorrect, and antacids don't enhance it.
A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a group of clients who have communicable diseases. Which of the following infections should the nurse report to the state health department?
- A. Human papillomavirus
- B. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- C. Impetigo contagious
- D. Sarcoptes scabiei
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a reportable sexually transmitted infection to track and control its spread. HPV, impetigo, and scabies are not typically reportable to state health departments.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV fluids with potassium chloride. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. The client reports mild discomfort at the IV site.
- B. The client's heart rate is irregular.
- C. The client's urine output is 50 mL/hr.
- D. The client's blood pressure is 118/76 mm Hg.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An irregular heart rate suggests hyperkalemia or arrhythmia, requiring reporting. Mild discomfort, normal urine output, and stable BP are less concerning.
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a bowel resection. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. The client reports mild abdominal discomfort.
- B. The client's bowel sounds are hypoactive.
- C. The client's incision is red and warm to the touch.
- D. The client has passed flatus.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Redness and warmth at the incision suggest infection, requiring prompt reporting. Mild discomfort, hypoactive sounds, and flatus are expected post-resection.
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a cholecystectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote comfort?
- A. Encourage the client to ambulate every 2 hr.
- B. Offer the client a high-fat meal.
- C. Apply a heating pad to the client's abdomen.
- D. Provide the client with a pillow to splint the incision during coughing.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Splinting the incision with a pillow reduces pain during coughing. Ambulation aids recovery but isn't comfort-focused, high-fat meals are avoided, and heating pads risk complications.