Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a narcotic medication. What should the nurse do with the unused portion after administration?
- A. Store it in the medication cart for later use
- B. Discard it with a witness present
- C. Return it to the pharmacy
- D. Report it to the provider
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take with the unused portion of a narcotic medication after administration is to discard it with a witness present. This procedure is necessary to comply with controlled substance regulations and prevent diversion or misuse of the medication. Storing it in the medication cart for later use is inappropriate as it can lead to unauthorized access. Returning it to the pharmacy is not recommended as the medication has already been dispensed. Reporting it to the provider is not the standard procedure for disposing of controlled substances.
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A client signed an informed consent form for surgery but has expressed doubts about the need for surgery. What should the nurse say?
- A. Reassure the client of the surgeon's skill
- B. The surgeon will answer your questions before surgery
- C. Tell the client surgery is necessary
- D. Encourage the client to seek a second opinion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the surgeon should address the client's doubts before surgery. Informed consent requires that the client fully understands the procedure. Choice A is incorrect because reassuring the client of the surgeon's skill does not address the client's doubts about the need for surgery. Choice C is incorrect because telling the client surgery is necessary may not address their concerns and could violate the principle of autonomy. Choice D is incorrect as the immediate concern is addressing the client's doubts before surgery, not necessarily seeking a second opinion.
A client who is at risk for developing a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after surgery. What intervention should the nurse implement to reduce this risk?
- A. Avoid ambulation to prevent injury
- B. Use compression stockings
- C. Use a heating pad for comfort
- D. Elevate the client's legs on a pillow
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct intervention to reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after surgery is to use compression stockings. Compression stockings help prevent DVT by promoting venous return, which reduces the likelihood of blood pooling in the legs and forming clots. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because avoiding ambulation can actually increase the risk of DVT, using a heating pad does not directly address DVT prevention, and elevating the client's legs on a pillow alone may not provide sufficient compression to prevent DVT.
A healthcare professional is planning to administer an intramuscular injection to a client. What muscle should the healthcare professional choose to avoid injury?
- A. Deltoid
- B. Ventrogluteal
- C. Rectus femoris
- D. Dorsogluteal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ventrogluteal muscle is the preferred site for intramuscular injections to avoid injury. Choosing the ventrogluteal site reduces the risk of injury to major nerves and blood vessels, unlike the deltoid, rectus femoris, or dorsogluteal sites. The deltoid muscle is commonly used for vaccines but has a higher risk of injury due to its proximity to the radial nerve. The rectus femoris muscle is not recommended for intramuscular injections due to its location and the risk of injury. The dorsogluteal site is also not recommended as it poses a risk of injury to the sciatic nerve and superior gluteal artery.
A nurse is assessing a client who reports pain at the site of a peripheral IV. The site is red and warm. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Flush the IV line with saline
- B. Discontinue the IV infusion
- C. Apply a cold compress
- D. Increase the IV flow rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to discontinue the IV infusion. The signs of redness and warmth at the IV site indicate phlebitis, an inflammation of the vein. Discontinuing the IV infusion is crucial to prevent further complications such as infection or thrombosis. Flushing the IV line with saline would not address the underlying issue of phlebitis. Applying a cold compress may provide temporary relief but does not address the cause. Increasing the IV flow rate can exacerbate the inflammation and should be avoided.
A client with diabetes mellitus is being taught about foot care by a nurse. Which statement indicates understanding?
- A. I will soak my feet in hot water daily
- B. I will wear my slippers whenever I am out of bed
- C. I should apply lotion between my toes after washing my feet
- D. I will cut my nails in a rounded shape
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Wearing slippers or shoes when out of bed is crucial for clients with diabetes as it helps prevent injuries to the feet, reducing the risk of infection. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Soaking feet in hot water daily can lead to dryness and skin damage, applying lotion between toes can create a moist environment promoting fungal growth, and cutting nails in a rounded shape can increase the risk of ingrown nails.