Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking epoetin alfa for 3 months. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication?
- A. Hgb
- B. Troponin
- C. Thyroxine (T4)
- D. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hgb. Epoetin alfa is a medication used to treat anemia by stimulating red blood cell production. Monitoring the client's hemoglobin (Hgb) levels is crucial to assess the effectiveness of the medication in increasing red blood cell count. Hemoglobin reflects the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and directly correlates with red blood cell levels. Troponin (B), Thyroxine (T4) (C), and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (D) are not relevant in monitoring the effectiveness of epoetin alfa therapy as they are related to cardiac function, thyroid function, and liver function, respectively.
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A nurse is talking with a client who has been taking levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking which of the following over-the-counter medications within 4 hr of taking levothyroxine?
- A. Fish oil supplements
- B. Bulk-forming laxatives
- C. Oral antihistamines
- D. Calcium supplements
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Calcium supplements. Calcium can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine, reducing its effectiveness. It is recommended to avoid taking calcium supplements within 4 hours of levothyroxine to ensure proper absorption. Fish oil supplements (A), bulk-forming laxatives (B), and oral antihistamines (C) do not typically interfere with levothyroxine absorption, so they are safe to take without waiting 4 hours.
A nurse in a provider's office is collecting data from a client who continues to have a migraine headache after taking sumatriptan orally 2 hr ago. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report?
- A. Tingling sensation
- B. Hypertension
- C. Flushing
- D. Dizziness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypertension. The priority for the nurse to report is hypertension because sumatriptan can potentially cause an increase in blood pressure as a side effect. Hypertension is a serious condition that can lead to complications if not managed promptly.
A: Tingling sensation is a common side effect of sumatriptan and may not be immediately concerning.
C: Flushing is also a common side effect of sumatriptan and is usually not a priority.
D: Dizziness is a less severe side effect compared to hypertension and can often be managed with rest.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for alendronate. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will drink orange juice when I take this medication.
- B. I will remain seated for 30 minutes after I take my medication.
- C. I will take this medication right before I go to bed.
- D. I can take this medication just once a month.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I will take this medication right before I go to bed." Alendronate should be taken on an empty stomach, in the morning, at least 30 minutes before the first food, drink, or medication of the day. Taking it before bed ensures the client has an empty stomach. Choice A is incorrect because orange juice can interfere with alendronate absorption. Choice B is incorrect as sitting upright for 30 minutes after taking the medication is the recommended action. Choice D is incorrect as alendronate is typically taken weekly, not monthly.
A nurse is assisting in the development of an in-service about the varicella vaccine. The nurse should include which of the following examples as a contraindication for receiving the vaccine?
- A. A client who is breastfeeding
- B. A client who has an allergy to latex
- C. A client who has a sinus infection
- D. A client who is pregnant
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A client who is pregnant. Varicella vaccine is contraindicated during pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus. Varicella vaccine is a live vaccine and can pose a risk of transmission to the fetus, potentially causing harm. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Breastfeeding is not a contraindication for varicella vaccine. B: Latex allergy is not a contraindication for varicella vaccine. C: Sinus infection is not a contraindication for varicella vaccine.
A nurse is caring for a client who reports muscle spasms after receiving haloperidol. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
- A. Metoprolol
- B. Benztropine
- C. Oxycodone
- D. Risperidone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Benztropine. Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication commonly used to treat extrapyramidal symptoms such as muscle spasms caused by antipsychotic drugs like haloperidol. It works by blocking the action of acetylcholine in the brain, helping to alleviate muscle spasms. Metoprolol (A) is a beta-blocker used for hypertension, not muscle spasms. Oxycodone (C) is an opioid for pain relief, not muscle spasms. Risperidone (D) is another antipsychotic but not typically used to treat muscle spasms.