Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage kidney disease. The clients adult child asks the nurse about becoming a living kidney donor for their parent. Which of the following conditions in the childs medical history should the nurse identify as a contraindication to the procedure?
- A. Amputation
- B. Osteoarthritis
- C. Hypertension
- D. Primary glaucoma
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypertension. Hypertension is a contraindication for kidney donation due to the increased risk of kidney disease and complications post-donation. High blood pressure can impair kidney function and increase the risk of cardiovascular events. Amputation (A), osteoarthritis (B), and primary glaucoma (D) are not contraindications for kidney donation as they do not directly impact kidney function or pose significant risks for the donor.
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A nurse is assessing a group of clients. For which of the following clients should the nurse make a referral to palliative care?
- A. A client receiving chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer.
- B. A client whose medications to manage Parkinsons disease are no longer effective.
- C. A client recovering from a total knee replacement.
- D. A client with seasonal allergies needing symptom relief.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the client with Parkinson's disease whose medications are no longer effective may benefit from the specialized care and symptom management provided by palliative care. Palliative care focuses on improving quality of life for individuals with serious illnesses by addressing physical, emotional, and spiritual needs. Referral is appropriate when symptoms are not adequately controlled. Choices A, C, and D do not require palliative care as they involve routine treatments or procedures that do not necessarily indicate the need for specialized palliative services.
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has neutropenia and is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- A. I will avoid crowds.
- B. I will wash my toothbrush weekly.
- C. I will take my temperature daily.
- D. I will eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables.
Correct Answer: A, C
Rationale: The correct answers are A and C. Neutropenia and chemotherapy increase the risk of infection. Avoiding crowds (A) reduces exposure to infectious agents. Taking temperature daily (C) helps detect early signs of infection. Washing toothbrush weekly (B) is important but daily is recommended. Eating fresh fruits and vegetables (D) is beneficial but may pose infection risk.
A nurse is providing teaching about dietary options for a client who has cholelithiasis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Avoid high-fat cuts of meat.
- B. Increase your intake of fried foods.
- C. Consume dairy products at every meal.
- D. Eat large meals to avoid frequent digestion.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid high-fat cuts of meat. Cholelithiasis is the formation of gallstones, often related to high-fat diets. High-fat cuts of meat can trigger gallbladder contractions, leading to pain. The rationale is to reduce fat intake to prevent further gallstone formation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. B: Increasing fried foods can exacerbate symptoms due to their high-fat content. C: Consuming dairy products at every meal is not recommended as some dairy products can be high in saturated fats. D: Eating large meals can overload the digestive system, potentially leading to gallbladder discomfort.
A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushings syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Osteoporosis
- B. Hypertension
- C. Weight loss
- D. Hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Osteoporosis. In Cushing's syndrome, excess cortisol weakens bones, leading to osteoporosis. B: Hypertension is common in Cushing's due to cortisol's effects on blood vessels. C: Weight gain, not loss, is typically seen in Cushing's due to cortisol-induced fat redistribution. D: Hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia, is common due to cortisol's role in glucose metabolism. E, F, G are irrelevant. In summary, osteoporosis is expected due to cortisol's impact on bone health, while the other options are not typical findings in Cushing's syndrome.
A nurse is planning care for a client who has a lump in their right breast. Which of the following findings increases the clients risk of developing breast cancer?
- A. Daily caffeine consumption
- B. A history of seasonal allergies
- C. Oral contraceptives were taken for the last 6 years
- D. Routine use of multivitamins
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Oral contraceptives were taken for the last 6 years. Long-term use of oral contraceptives has been associated with a slightly increased risk of developing breast cancer. Estrogen and progesterone in oral contraceptives can stimulate the growth of breast tissue, potentially leading to cancer over time. Daily caffeine consumption (choice A) and a history of seasonal allergies (choice B) do not have a direct correlation with an increased risk of breast cancer. Routine use of multivitamins (choice D) is generally not linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.