Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed Isosorbide Mononitrate for chronic stable Angina and develops reflex tachycardia. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
- A. Furosemide
- B. Captopril
- C. Ranolazine
- D. Metoprolol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metoprolol , a beta-blocker, treats reflex tachycardia by slowing heart rate.
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Which mode of action has insulin in fatty cells?
- A. Decrease glycerol synthesis
- B. Increase synthesis of triglycerides
- C. Decrease fatty acid synthesis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin promotes triglyceride synthesis in fat cells by enhancing glucose uptake and lipogenesis.
While collecting a medication history, the patient admits to doubling the recommended dosage of an over-the-counter (OTC) medication, saying It's harmless or they would require a prescription. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. OTC drugs are serious medications and carry serious risks if not taken as directed.
- B. Taking medications like that is careless and you could kill yourself doing it.
- C. Sometimes you need to take more than the package directs to treat the symptoms.
- D. Did you notify your doctor of the increased dosage you were taking?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: OTC drugs are no less a medication than prescription drugs and carry the same types of risks for overdosage and toxicity if directions are not followed. Although increasing the dosage is careless and dangerous, it is important to use the information as a teaching opportunity rather than scolding the patient. Agreeing with the patient or asking her if she talked to the doctor misses the teaching opportunity, which could be harmful for the patient.
Jamie has fractured his ankle and has received a prescription for acetaminophen and hydrocodone (Vicodin). Education when prescribing Vicodin includes:
- A. It is okay to double the dose of Vicodin if the pain is severe
- B. Vicodin is not habit-forming
- C. He should not take any other acetaminophen-containing medications
- D. Vicodin may cause diarrhea; increase his fluid intake
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoiding extra acetaminophen prevents overdose; Vicodin is habit-forming , and constipation, not diarrhea , is common.
A contraindication for topical corticosteroid usage in a male with atopic dermatitis (eczema) is:
- A. Parasite infection
- B. Viral infection
- C. Bacterial infection
- D. Spirochete infection
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Topical corticosteroids worsen viral infections (e.g., herpes) due to immunosuppression.
Which of the following is the indication for glucocorticoid prescribing?
- A. Cataract
- B. Prevention of respiratory distress
- C. Hypofunction of thyroid gland
- D. Hypocalcemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucocorticoids are indicated to prevent respiratory distress, such as in preterm infants for lung maturation.