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A nurse is caring for a client who is starting to take aspirin 81 mg daily. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for the client's development of an aspirin-induced ulcer?
- A. The client has a history of alcohol use disorder but is currently sober
- B. The client recently had a norovirus infection
- C. The client smokes one pack of cigarette per day
- D. The client has a history of rheumatoid arthritis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The client smokes one pack of cigarette per day. Smoking is a known risk factor for the development of ulcers, and when combined with aspirin use, it further increases the risk. Smoking decreases the production of prostaglandins in the stomach lining, which can lead to increased susceptibility to ulcers. Choices A, B, and D are not directly related to an increased risk of aspirin-induced ulcers. Choice A indicates a previous history of alcohol use disorder, which may have implications for liver health but not directly related to ulcers caused by aspirin. Choice B mentions a recent norovirus infection, which is not a risk factor for aspirin-induced ulcers. Choice D states a history of rheumatoid arthritis, which may necessitate the use of aspirin but does not inherently increase the risk of ulcers when combined with it.
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A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a prescription for gentamicin. Which of the following should the nurse include as an adverse effect of this medication?
- A. Urinary frequency
- B. Constipation
- C. Hypertension
- D. Tinnitus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tinnitus. Gentamicin is known to cause ototoxicity, including tinnitus, which is a ringing or buzzing sound in the ears. This adverse effect is important for the nurse to include in teaching to monitor for hearing changes. Urinary frequency (A), constipation (B), and hypertension (C) are not commonly associated with gentamicin use, so they are incorrect choices.
A nurse is caring for a client who has congestive heart failure and is taking captopril. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the provider as a potential adverse effect of captopril?
- A. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) 4.000/ mm^3
- B. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) 90 ng/L
- C. Sodium 140 mEq/l
- D. Creatinine 2 mg/dl
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Creatinine 2 mg/dl. Captopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause renal impairment as a potential adverse effect due to its effects on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Creatinine is a waste product that is filtered by the kidneys, and an increase in creatinine levels indicates impaired renal function. Therefore, a creatinine level of 2 mg/dl should be reported to the provider when caring for a client taking captopril.
Choices A, B, and C are within normal ranges and not directly related to captopril's adverse effects. Choice A is related to the immune system, while choice B is a marker for heart failure. Choice C is a measure of electrolyte balance. These values would not typically be affected by captopril.
In summary, the nurse should report an elevated creatinine level as a potential adverse effect of captopril, as it indicates renal impairment, while the other laboratory
A nurse is preparing to administer ampicillin/sulbactam 15 g via intermittent IV bolus, Available is ampicillin-sulbactam 1.5 g in 0.9% sodium chloride 100 mL to infuse over 30 min. The nurse should set the IV infusion pump to deliver how many mL/h?
- A. 200 mL/h
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 200 mL/h. To calculate the infusion rate, you first need to convert the total dose of ampicillin/sulbactam to mL. The concentration is 1.5 g in 100 mL, so 15 g would be in 1000 mL. The infusion time is 30 min, so you need to convert it to hours (30 min ÷ 60 = 0.5 hours). Next, divide the total volume (1000 mL) by the infusion time (0.5 hours) to get 2000 mL/h. Therefore, the nurse should set the IV pump to deliver 200 mL/h. Other choices are incorrect as they do not follow the correct calculations based on the given information.
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for rifampin. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. This medication can cause your urine to turn orange.
- B. You should take this medication with food.
- C. This medication can cause insomnia
- D. You should take a stool softener with this medication
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "This medication can cause your urine to turn orange." Rifampin is known to cause harmless discoloration of bodily fluids like urine, sweat, and tears to an orange-red color. This information is important for the client to be aware of to prevent unnecessary worry. Choice B is incorrect because rifampin is typically taken on an empty stomach. Choice C is incorrect as insomnia is not a common side effect of rifampin. Choice D is incorrect since rifampin does not typically require a stool softener.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a history of diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide to treat uncontrolled hypertension. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Blood glucose monitoring is likely to be inaccurate while taking hydrochlorothiazide
- B. You might need to decrease your insulin dosage while taking hydrochlorothiazide.
- C. Hydrochlorothiazide therapy can elevate blood glucose levels in clients who have diabetes
- D. Reducing sodium in your die whim taking your control your blood glucose.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hydrochlorothiazide therapy can elevate blood glucose levels in clients who have diabetes. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that can lead to increased blood glucose levels, particularly in individuals with diabetes. This is important for the nurse to include in the teaching to ensure the client is aware of potential effects on their blood glucose levels.
A: Blood glucose monitoring is likely to be inaccurate while taking hydrochlorothiazide - This statement is incorrect as monitoring blood glucose levels is still important while taking hydrochlorothiazide.
B: You might need to decrease your insulin dosage while taking hydrochlorothiazide - This statement is incorrect as hydrochlorothiazide can elevate blood glucose levels, which may necessitate adjustments to insulin dosage.
D: Reducing sodium in your diet will help control your blood glucose - This statement is not directly related to the effects of hydrochlorothiazide on blood glucose levels.
In summary, choice C is the correct