Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who recently underwent a heart transplant. Which of the following postoperative nursing interventions is the priority?
- A. Maintain strict bedrest
- B. Advance diet as tolerated
- C. Educate the client on medication
- D. Ensure strict adherence to aseptic techniques
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Heart transplant's success hinges on dodging infection immunosuppression skyrockets risk, making aseptic technique the priority to shield the graft. Bedrest aids early recovery but isn't top. Diet advances slowly, education's vital long-term, but infection's immediate threat trumps. Nurses enforce sterility dressings, lines safeguarding this fragile post-op phase, a life-or-death focus in transplant care.
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Which of the following statements is true related to nonmodifiable risk factors for chronic illness?
- A. Cannot be changed
- B. Requires intervention in order to change
- C. Can be altered to benefit health outcomes
- D. Can be changed with client perseverance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nonmodifiable risk factors age, genes stay put, no tweak possible, a chronic base nurses work around. Intervention, alteration, or grit shift smoking or weight, not these locks. Knowing what's fixed guides focus elsewhere, a bedrock truth in illness planning.
The nurse is discharging home a client at risk for venous thromboembolism on enoxaparin sodium. What instruction is a priority for the nurse to provide to this client?
- A. Notify your health care provider if your stools appear dark or tarry
- B. You must have your prothrombin time (PT)/international normalized ratio (INR) checked every 2 weeks
- C. Massage the injection site after the heparin is injected
- D. You must have your activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) checked every 72 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Enoxaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin, thins blood dark, tarry stools signal GI bleed, a dire side effect needing instant reporting to halt hemorrhage. PT/INR tracks warfarin, not enoxaparin; aPTT's for unfractionated heparin. Massaging injection sites risks bruising. Nurses prioritize bleed watch, ensuring safety on this clot-busting med, a discharge must-know.
The following are major causes of death among patients with NAFLD over the long term, except:
- A. Pancreatic cancer
- B. Acute myocardial infarct
- C. Road traffic accident
- D. Colon cancer
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NAFLD's long haul kills via heart attacks, pancreatic, colon, or breast cancers metabolic and inflammation's toll. Road accidents? Random, not tied to fat liver's chronic grind. Clinicians watch these big hitters, not crash stats, in NAFLD's mortal map.
Which is not an AIDS defining illness?
- A. oesophageal candidiasis
- B. Herpes Zoster
- C. CD4 count <200 cells/microL
- D. Pulmonary TB
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Herpes zoster's no AIDS marker just shingles, common even sans HIV collapse. Oesophageal thrush, PCP, TB scream opportunists; CD4's a lab line, not illness. Nurses flag true definers chronic crash signs not this skin flare anyone catches.
The spinothalamic and dorsal column sensation are examined as part of a neurological examination. One of the items belonging to dorsal column sensation is the sense of vibration, which is examined by means of a tuning fork. Question: What is the required frequency of this tuning fork?
- A. 512 Hz
- B. 256 Hz
- C. 128 Hz
- D. 64 Hz
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vibration check 128 Hz hums right, dorsal column's sweet spot, not higher or lower. Nurses tune this, a chronic nerve test.